Tuesday, May 24, 2016 ESL Level 3, Week 14

Announcements Vocabulary test on Thursday Oral Evaluation tomorrow Next Monday (May 30) No class Next Tuesday (May 31) Unit 22-26 test Next Wednesday (June 1) Listening Quiz Next Thursday (June 2) Reading Quiz

Agenda Unit 24 Review Vocabulary Review (20-24) Speaking/ Vocabulary use Unit 25 Vocabulary Unit 25 Grammar

Unit 24 review Pp. 343

Vocabulary Unit 20 Delicious ( ) translation Something that tastes and Cuban food is very delicious. Smells very good. fresh ( ) translation New, clean, or recently I only eat fresh vegetables, not made. frozen. Relaxed ( ) translation In a calm mood without stress I felt so relaxed this weekend.

Vocabulary Log Varied ( ) translation Having different types or changing The cakes at 85* are more varied Often. than at the cake store. Crowded ( ) translation When there are too many people Movie theatres are often crowded In one place. On weekends. Traditional ( ) translation Classic, historic, old Traditional ways of learning English included memorizing grammar and vocabulary.

Vocabulary Unit 21 Financial ( ) translation having to do with money I needed financial help when I was going to college. Multicultural ( ) translation several cultures in a society Mount Sac has a multicultural group of students. Feature ( ) translation a part or aspect of something; A feature of the iPhone is that characteristic you can see people who you are talking to.

Public ( ) translation something that is done in the open There are public restrooms near the train station. Dynamic ( ) translation always active or changing Mount Sac has a dynamic ESL program.

Vocabulary Unit 22 Aggressively ( ) translation Strongly, actively Luisa drives aggressively. She needs to be calm when she drives. Consistently ( ) translation Normally, commonly, regularly Jack is consistently late to class and he always misses important information.

Vocabulary Effectively ( ) translation Doing something to produce results, The glue works effectively Completely, absolutely to keep the pieces together. Frequently (adv) translation Regularly or often I frequently visit Starbucks before I go to class at night.

Vocabulary Intensely ( ) translation Extremely, strongly Donald Trump is intensely disliked by many Americans.

Unit 23 Vocabulary Approve of (phrasal verb) translation Usually followed by a noun. My father did not approve of my Agree or accept something boyfriend. ban ( ) translation To prohibit or say no to something Tom banned Nancy from entering the building. Illegal ( ) translation something that you can’t do by law It is illegal to park a car there.

Unit 23 Vocabulary In favor of (phrasal verb) translation To support something The judge decided in favor of the defendant. Some people are in favor of Hilary Clinton becoming the next U.S. President. Permit ( ) translation To allow something or let something I permit you to park here. Happen. I permit you to see that boy.

Unit 23 Vocabulary Prohibit ( ) translation To forbid or ban something Dancing is prohibited in Luisa’s class.

Unit 24- Vocabulary Interact ( ) translation To communicate with or do He doesn’t interact well with Things with other people. other students. Solve ( ) translation To find an answer or explain Yesterday, someone ate my orange. Something I must solve this mystery.

Unit 24 Vocabulary Obviously ( ) translation Certainly or clearly, surely, John obviously didn’t study for Of course the final exam. Similar ( ) translation Alike, like I found a dress similar to the one I like.

Unit 24 Vocabulary Focus ( ) translation Pay special attention to It is difficult to focus on work when Something; concentrate I work with Oscar.

Grammar Chart Anna uses her cell phone to make calls. She wants to buy a smart phone to connect to the Internet. She asked for advice in order not to buy the wrong phone. What does Anna use her cell phone for? (to make calls) Why does Anna want to buy a smart phone? (to connect to the Internet) Why did Anna ask for advice? (in order not to buy the wrong phone/ because she doesn’t wan tot but the wrong phone)

Grammar chart We use the infinitive to express the purpose of the action. (why/ for what) Anna uses her cell phone to make calls. She wants to buy a smart phone to connect to the Internet. She asked for advice in order not to buy the wrong phone How do you form the infinitive of purpose? (to + base form of the verb) How do you express a negative purpose? (in order not to + base form of verb)

Grammar charts – infinitives after adjectives and adverbs Some smart phones are easy to use. He ran fast to win the race. Name the adjective and the adverb. (fast and easy) Name the infinitives that follow the adjective and the adverb. (to use/ to win) Infinitives can be used after adjectives and adverbs.

Grammar chart – Too + adjective + infinitive My smartphone is too difficult to use. Smart phones are too expensive for many people to afford. Name the adjectives in each example. (difficult/ expensive) Name the infinitives. (to use/ to afford) 1st example: Can the person use the smart phone? (no) 2nd example: Can many people afford smart phones? How can you show that something is not possible with an infinitive with too? Too + adjective + infinitive or Too + adjective + for + noun (or pronoun) + infinitive

Grammar chart- adjective+ enough + infinitive Smart phones are small enough to fit inside your pocket. A cell phone is cheap enough for me to buy. Name the adjectives in each example. Name the infinitives. 1st example: Does a smartphone fit inside your pocket? (yes) Can the person buy a cell phone? How can you show that something is possible with an infinitive with enough. Adjective + enough + infinitive or adjective + enough + for+ pronoun (or noun) + infinitive

Too is followed by an ___________ or an ____________. Enough is preceded by an__________ or an ____________. Too + adjective / adverb + (for + noun) + infinitive Adjective/ adverb + enough + (for + noun) + infinitive

Adverbs with too or enough and infinitives He worked too slowly to finish on time. She spoke too quickly for me to understand. He worked hard enough to finish on time. She spoke clearly enough for me to understand. Name the adverbs in the examples. Name the infinitives. How can you show that something is not possible with an infinitive with too? (too + adverb + infinitive) (Too +adjectives + for + pronoun (or noun) + infinitive) How can you show that something is possible with an infinitive with enough (adverb + enough + infinitive Adverb + enough + for + pronoun (or noun) + infinitive)

Note 1 Why did Jane go to the mall? To buy a gift. The infinitive (to buy) expresses the purpose of an action (why Jane went to the mall). In conversation we can use an incomplete sentence beginning with to to express a purpose. TO buy a gift and book a ticket. We do not repeat to to give more than one purpose.

Note 2 He asked for advice in order to make the right choice. He write it down in order to not forget it. In order (not) to is formal. In every day speech we use because. Use because to restate the original sentences.

Note 3- for + noun/ pronoun before the infinitive It’s late to go out. = General statement = people shouldn’t go out. It’s late for Sarah to go out.= Sarah shouldn’t go out. The infinitive can be preceded by a noun to make it clear who (or what ) the action expressed by the infinitive refers to. It’s late for her to go out. The infinitive can be preceded by a pronoun.

Too + adjective + infinitive Micah is too young to own a cell phone. Name the adjective and the infinitive. This sentence expresses something that is not possible. What is it? Micah can’t own a cell phone.

Too + adverb + infinitive John drives too slowly to win the race. Name the adverb and the infinitive. (slowly/ to win) This sentence expresses something that is not possible. What is it? John can’t win the race.

Adjective + enough + infinitive Kyle is old enough to buy a smart phone. Name the adjective and the infinitive. Old/ to buy This sentence expresses something that is possible. What is it? Kyle can own a smart phone.

Adverb + enough + infinitive Clare trained hard enough to win the competition. Name the adverb and the infinitive. (hard/ to win) This sentence expresses something that is possible. What is it? Clare can win the competition.

The infinitive is not necessary when the meaning is clear. Why didn’t he catch the bus? Because he didn’t run fast enough (to catch it). (To catch it) is not necessary in the answer.