California Gold Rush
California Before the Rush California was mainly populated by Native Americans and people of Spanish or Mexican background One exception- John Sutter Build a fort, ranch, sawmill near Sacramento
49ers Head West 1848- Gold discovered near Sutter’s Mill News (and exaggerations) quickly spread east Many dropped everything to head to CA in 1849
49ers Head West 3 choices to get to CA: Sail 18,000 miles around S. America Sail to Panama, cross land, then to CA Cross overland
Expectations vs. Reality News of gold grew and quickly created another “fever” to head West President Polk confirmed that “large quantities” had been found
Expectations vs. Reality Reality- mining was hard work! Price of mining supplies very high Early panning replaced by larger, more complicated and expensive methods
Expectations vs. Reality Life in mining camps was full of crime, gambling, discrimination Some miners stayed but most returned home poor or settled elsewhere in CA
Effects of the Gold Rush Much of the environment was destroyed by mining practices Native Americans were decimated by disease, loss of land Population of California exploded California applies for statehood and was admitted as a free state in 1850 Balance of power tipped to the North