How to reference and avoid plagiarism Presentation by UWE Library Learning Services 2017/2018

Learning outcomes At the end of the session you will feel more confident about: Identifying why we cite and reference Accessing UWE referencing resources Understanding that good note-taking and paraphrasing help to avoid plagiarism Academic skills are real world skills: Preparing appropriately referenced reports Avoiding plagiarism in the workplace

Adapted from: C. Neville Adapted from: C. Neville. (2016) The Complete Guide to Referencing and Avoiding Plagiarism. 3rd ed. Maidenhead. Open University Press, pp. 16-21.

Bingo answers 1 Tracing the origin of ideas: Shows where an idea or evidence comes from and when it was put forward.   2 Building a web of ideas: Researchers connect ideas across time and place so that academic progress can develop. 3 Finding your own voice: Helps you take ownership of your argument, demonstrating that you know your subject’s territory. 4 Validity of arguments: Helps readers to check the validity of the evidence you are using to support your argument. 5 Spreading knowledge: Helps readers to advance their own knowledge by following up your sources for their own interests. 6 An appreciation: Enables you to show respect and acknowledge the intellectual or creative work of others. 7 Your reading, and influences on your work: You can demonstrate the scope of your reading and enable your tutor to advise on any gaps. 8 Marking criteria: A well referenced assignment is likely to be awarded a better grade. 9 Avoiding plagiarism: Accurate referencing will stop you from plagiarising, passing off other’s work as your own. Adapted from: C. Neville. (2016) The Complete Guide to Referencing and Avoiding Plagiarism. 3rd ed. Maidenhead. Open University Press, pp. 16-21.

Definitions Plagiarism ‘Passing off someone else’s work whether intentionally or unintentionally as your own...’ (Carroll, 2002) Collusion ‘Working together to produce assessed work in circumstances where this is forbidden.’ (Barrett and Cox, 2005) Taken from UWE’s Assessment Offences Policy http://www1.uwe.ac.uk/students/academicadvice/assessments/assessmentoffences.aspx

What is plagiarism? Plagiarism: How to avoid it Bainbridge State College video (2010): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2q0NlWcTq1Y&feature=youtu.be Watch Plagiarism: How to avoid it video clip 2m50s https://youtu.be/2q0NlWcTq1Y (Bainbridge State College, 2010).

Referencing: True or false? Citing and referencing are the same Lecturers love lots of quotations If you paraphrase instead of quoting, you don’t need to cite it You can cut and paste a chunk of writing, then use a thesaurus to swap some words around to paraphrase You should make a note of the source (the reference) as you read it You can use RefWorks to store your references and help build your reference list A quotation needs a page number A reference list should be in alphabetical order (by author surname) References are required for every piece of information and idea Photographs, tables, diagrams etc. do not need a reference Activity 2

Develop good study habits Reading and note taking Paraphrasing Referencing Good time management is key!

SQ3R method https://vimeo.com/136299925

Paraphrasing Re-writing a text, so that the language is substantially different while the content stays the same. (Adapted from: Bailey, S. (2011) Academic Writing: A handbook for international Students. 3rd Edition. Oxford: Routledge.)

Paraphrasing – top tips Use reference reminder phrases - whose voice is it? e.g. Saville (2012) argues that… Saville’s research also shows that… In-text citation for each new voice e.g. Saville (2012) argues that… Similarly, Smith (2015) found that… Check the original: Has the meaning changed? Don’t forget to add your own critical thought Activity 3: Is it good paraphrasing?

Referencing You must acknowledge ALL of your sources In-text citations Reference list / bibliography (at the end of your work) Referencing webpages: http://www1.uwe.ac.uk/students/studysupport/studyskills/referencing.aspx What referencing style should I use? Referencing tools https://pixabay.com/en/two-hands-fingers-human-people-2099123/ [creative commons – accessed 21 August 2017]

Referencing 3 golden rules: Consider your reader – make sure that someone reading your work would be able to find the works or ideas you are citing Follow general UWE Bristol Harvard principles and always be consistent Adapt if exact format not available

Key elements of a reference Who? When? What? Where? UWE Bristol Harvard: http://www1.uwe.ac.uk/students/studysupport/studyskills/referencing.aspx

How to reference… ‘awkward’ formats Where https://blog.bufferapp.com/social-media-report What “The practical value of having influencers among your followers is that any social media update of yours has the chance to take off big time” (Lee 2017). Who When Lee, K. (2017) How to Create a Social Media Report and Explain it to Your Boss or Client. Available from: https://blog.bufferapp.com/social-media-report [Accessed 21 August 2017].

How to reference… ‘awkward’ formats https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0030/98508/access-inclusion-report-2016.pdf Where Who Who A recent Ofcom report suggested that vulnerable users may be less able to identify discount packages, and therefore be further disadvantaged in this fast moving market (2017, p. 14). What https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0030/98508/access-inclusion-report-2016.pdf When Ofcom (2017) Access and Inclusion in 2016: Outcomes for Consumers in Vulnerable Circumstances [online]. Ofcom. Available from https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0030/98508/access- inclusion-report-2016.pdf [Accessed 8 August 2017].

How to cite ....( Author surname, Year of publication, pp. ___)... Citing a source: A recent study at UWE Bristol (Cox and Hewish, 2017) has found that academic skills gained at University are later applied throughout graduates’ professional lives. Pinpointing a page: Hunt (2016, p.34) suggests that ‘academic life would be much easier if there was a universal style for citation and referencing’. Full citation: One commentator has argued that referencing is not only an essential part of the academic process, but can be a deeply enjoyable pastime (Lethaby, 2015, pp. 213-214). Activity 4

SafeAssign SafeAssign is a coursework originality checker provided by Blackboard Find out more information on the study skills > reading and writing > plagiarism webpages http://www1.uwe.ac.uk/students/studysupport/studyskills/readingandwriting/plagiarism.aspx

Summary At the end of the session you will feel more confident about: Identifying why we cite and reference Accessing UWE referencing resources Understanding that good note-taking and paraphrasing help to avoid plagiarism

Further help Introduction to referencing Online advice and tutorials: Plagiarism Referencing tools Ask a Librarian

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