Periodic Table Trends Notes Please set up Cornell Notes on Page 72 You will need an extra sheet of paper added to the bottom. Essential Question: What does the Periodic Table tell me about the elements?

Groups vs Periods: Groups/Families: 18 Groups Have same Valence Electrons (except for Transition Metals) Have similar chemical properties Periods: 7 Periods Tells the Energy Level or Energy Shell

Group 1 Alkali Metals

Group 1 Alkali Metals Most Reactive Group of all Metals Have 1 Valence Electron Good conductors of heat and electricity Silver Luster, Solids Increase their reactivity as you move down the group (column) Never found in nature by itself, but found in camera batteries, table salt, potatoes, and bananas.

Color the Alkali Metals: Green Group 1 Alkali Metals Color the Alkali Metals: Green Li Na K Rb Cs Fr

Group 2 Alkaline Earth Metals

Group 2 Alkaline Earth Metals Very reactive but not as reactive as Group 1 (Alkali Metals) Have 2 Valence Electrons Be is found in the gens emerald and aquamarine Mg is found in the chlorophyll of green plants Ca is in Milk and in strong bones

Group 2 Alkaline Earth Metals Color the Alkaline Earth Metals: Red Be Mg Ca Sr Ba Ra

Group 17 Halogens

Group 17 Halogens All the elements in this group are non-metals except for At (which is a Metalloid) 7 Valence Electrons Most reactive Non-Metals Salt-formers Form some sort of salt with Group 1 NaCl (sodium chloride) is table salt that we put on food

Mark the Halogens with the letter H in the lower right corner. Group 17 Halogens Mark the Halogens with the letter H in the lower right corner. FH ClH BrH IH AtH

Group 18 Noble Gases

Group 18 Noble Gases All Gases 8 Valence Electrons, except for He which has 2 Valence Electrons Rarely combine with other elements since all of their valence electrons are filled… they are non-reactive He is used for balloons Neon lights are made from Noble Gases Ar is used to make light bulbs Kr lights are used to illuminate landing strips at airports

Mark the Noble Gases with the letter N in the lower right corner. Group 18 Noble Gases Mark the Noble Gases with the letter N in the lower right corner. HeN NeN ArN KrN XeN RnN

Non-Metals

Non-Metals On the right side of the periodic table, except for H (the lightest element on Earth) Usually gases or brittle solids at room temperature Poor conductors of heat and electricity Include many elements that are essential for our lives

Color the Non-Metals: Yellow NeN ArN KrN XeN RnN H Color the Non-Metals: Yellow C O S As FH ClH BrH IH N P

Metalloids

Metalloids (The Zig Zag Line) These elements are between the metals and non-metals on the periodic table Share some properties with metals and some with non-metals Semi-conductors Used in computers

Metalloids (The Zig Zag Line) Color the Metalloids: Pink B Si Ge As Sb Te Po AtH

Transition Metals And Other Metals

Group 3 to Metalloids Transition Metals and Other Metals Most transition metals have higher melting points than other metals Used in a variety of products The Iron Triad makes Steel (Fe, Co, Ni)

Group 3 to Metalloids Transition Metals and Other Metals Mark the Iron Triad with the letter I in the bottom right corner. Color the Transition Metals: Blue and Other Metals: Light Blue Al Ga In Sn Ti Pb Bi FeI CoI NiI

Lanthanides And Actinides

Lanthanides (Rare Earth Metals) and Actinides Lanthanides: Soft metals that can be cut with a knife. Hard to separate when found in the same ore. Actinides: Radioactive, unstable, and decay to form other elements. Most are synthetic (man made) elements.

Lanthanides (Rare Earth Metals) and Actinides Color the Lanthanides: Purple Color the Actinides: Orange

Other Information

Other Information State of Matter: Solids: most of the elements are solids at room temperature Liquids: 2 elements: They include Hg Mercury and Br Bromine Gases: 11 elements: They include H Hydrogen, N Nitrogen, O Oxygen, F Fluorine, Cl Chlorine, and all of the Noble Gases Group Numbers tell you the Valence Electrons: Group 1=1, Group 2=2, Group 13=3, Group 15=5, Group 18=8 except for He=2 Periods tell you the Energy Level (shell).

Other Information Gases: Mark a letter G in the left corner. Liquids: Mark a letter L in the left corner. Solids: All other elements GH LHg GHeN GNeN GArN GKrN GXeN GRnN GN GO GFH GClH LBrH 1Ve- 2Ve- 3Ve- 4Ve- 5Ve- 6Ve- 7Ve- 8Ve- He = 2Ve- P:1 P:2 P:3 P:4 P:5 P:6 P:7 Mark the Groups with the number of Valence Electrons. Mark the Periods with the number of Energy Levels (Shells).

Alkali Metals Alkaline Earth Metals Halogens Noble Gases Non Metals Metalloids Transition Metals Lanthanides Actinides Gas @ Room Temp. Liquid @ Room Temp