Unit 3 Test Review Trashketball

What is the purpose of photosynthesis? Converting solar energy into chemical energy for storage

Light dependent reactions occur in what organelle? Chloroplast of plant, algae, and some bacteria cells

Light dependent reactions occur in what part of the chloroplast? Thylakoid membrane Grana=stacks of thylakoids

The Calvin Cycle occurs in what part of the chloroplast? The stroma CO2 is fixed into sugar molecules in the stroma

What are the reactants in the light reaction of photosynthesis? H2O, light, chlorophyll

What are the products of the light reaction of photosynthesis? ATP, NADPH energy molecules O2 is a by-product

What are the energy molecules ATP and NADPH used for? Power for the Calvin Cycle

What are the reactants of the Calvin Cycle of photosynthesis? ATP, NADPH, and CO2 RuBP and Rubisco help in making the product

What does the enzyme Rubisco do? Converts RuBP and CO2 into G3P sugar molecules

Where does CO2 used in the Calvin Cycle come from? Plants “breathe in” CO2 from the surrounding atmosphere via stomata Stomata are tiny pores in leaves

What are the products of the Calvin Cycle of photosynthesis? Sugars to be consumed through cellular respiration in the plant/algae/bacteria to be stored and passed down the food chain

What colors (wavelengths) do plants absorb for use in photosynthesis? Red and blue

What colors (wavelengths) are reflected in plants? green

Describe chemiosmosis in chloroplast. H+ (hydrogen protons) are actively pumped in between thylakoid membranes Proton concentration gradient is formed Protons move by facilitated diffusion through ATP synthase

What is the purpose of cellular respiration? Generating ATP for use in all cell processes All living things can do cellular respiration!

What are the 3 major steps of cellular respiration? Glycolysis Kreb’s Cycle E-transport chain

How much ATP is produced in each of the stages of cellular respiration? Glycolysis– 2 ATP Kreb’s Cycle—2 ATP E-transport chain—32-34 ATP **most efficient

In what part of the mitochondrion does glycolysis, Kreb’s cycle, and e- transport chain occur? Glycolysis- cytoplasm outside Mitochondrion Kreb’s Cycle- inner mitochondrial space E-transport chain- inner mitochondrial MEMBRANE

What are the two types of anaerobic respiration? Alcohol fermentation Lactic acid fermentation

What is produced during alcoholic fermentation? ATP, alcohol, and CO2

What is the chemical equation for photosynthesis and respiration and how are they related? 6 CO2 + 6 H2O -> C6H12O6 +6O2 C6H12O6 +6O2 -> 6 CO2 + 6 H2O

Describe chemiosmosis in mitochondria. H+ (hydrogen protons) are actively pumped in between mitochondrial membranes Proton concentration gradient is formed Protons move by facilitated diffusion through ATP synthase