VOLLEYBALL

OVERVIEW It is a team sport in which two teams of six (6) players are separated by a net. FIVB (International Federation of Volleyball) - Highest governing body of the sport founded in Paris, France in 1947. Its headquarters are located in Lausanne, Switzerland and its current president is Ary Graça.

HISTORY WILLIAM G. MORGAN A physical education director in the YMCA in Holyoke, Massachusetts, USA.

HISTORY Created on the 9th of February, 1895. It was called Mintonette. The sport was officially included in the program for the 1964 Summer Olympics.

HISTORY Traits of the game: Borrowed from tennis and handball. THE FIRST RULES (written down by W. G. Morgan) Net - 6 ft 6 in (1.98 m) high Court - 25×50 ft (7.6×15.2 m) Players - any number of players. Match - composed of nine innings with three serves for each team in each inning Ball contacts - no limit. Serving error - a second try was allowed. Foul - hitting the ball into the net (with loss of the point or a side-out)—except in the case of the first-try serve.

FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT PART 1 FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT

VOLLEYBALL COURT Volleyball Court the first equipment required to play volleyball. 60 x 30 ft or 18m x 9m - length of the entire in-play area of the court.  Each side of the court is therefore 30 feet by 30 feet in size. Lines – painted in all white. 1 – VOLLEYBALL COURT

Service Line Center Line Attack Line Boundary Lines LINES ON THE COURT All lines are 5 cm wide. Must be of light color which is different from the color of the floor and from any other lines. Service Line Center Line Attack Line Boundary Lines LINES ON THE COURT

1 All lines are 5 cm wide. Must be of light color which is different from the color of the floor and from any other lines. Service Line - the area from which the server may serve the volleyball, is marked 10 feet inside the right sideline on each back line. LINES ON THE COURT

SERVICE LINE SERVICE LINE

2 All lines are 5 cm wide. Must be of light color which is different from the color of the floor and from any other lines. Center Line - is marked at the center of the court dividing it equally into 30 feet squares (9m), above which the net is placed. LINES ON THE COURT

CENTER LINE CENTER LINE

3 All lines are 5 cm wide. Must be of light color which is different from the color of the floor and from any other lines. Attack Line Attack line, whose rear edge is drawn 3ms back from the axis of the center line, marks the front zone. LINES ON THE COURT

ATTACK LINE ATTACK LINE ATTACK LINE

4 All lines are 5 cm wide. Must be of light color which is different from the color of the floor and from any other lines. Boundary Lines Two sidelines and two end lines mark the playing court. LINES ON THE COURT

BOUNDARY LINES END LINE SIDELINE

FREE ZONE SIDELINE END LINE ATTACK LINE CENTER LINE

BALL Standards Shall be spherical, made out of flexible leather or synthetic leather case with a bladder inside, made of rubber or similar material. Colors: Uniform light color or a combination of colors. 2 - BALL

BALL Standard regulation accdg. to FIVB, the ball must: Circumference - between 20-27 inches (65-67 cm). Weight - between 9-10 oz. (260-280 g). Inside pressure of 4.26- 4.61 psi or between 0.30 to 0.325 kilograms per centimeter square. 2 - BALL

NET AND POSTS NET NET POSTS are positioned 36 feet apart and 3 feet further out from the sidelines NET NET POSTS 3 – NET AND POSTS

FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT 1. Height of the Net Placed vertically over the center line. Top is set at the height of 2.43m for men and 2.24 for women.

FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT

FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT 2. Structure of the Net 9.5 – 10 meters long 1meter 10 cm Net is 1m wide and 9.5-10m long (with 25-50cm on each side of the side bands), made of 10cm square black mesh.

FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT 3. Side Bands 2 White bands, 5 cm wide (same width as the court lines) and 1m long fastened vertically to the net and placed above each side line. 4. Antenna A flexible rod, 1.80m long and 10mm in diameter, made of fiberglass or similar material.

FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT 5. Posts Placed at a distance of 0.50-1.00 m outside the side lines. They are 2.55 m high and preferably adjustable.

FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT PART 2 FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT

FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT Playing Area includes the playing court and the free zone which is a minimum of 3m wide on all sides. It shall be rectangular and symmetrical.

FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT 2. Dimensions The playing court is rectangle measuring 18 x 9 m, surrounded by a free zone, which is a minimum of 3m wide on all sides.

FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT 3. Playing Surface Must be flat, horizontal and uniform. It must not present any danger of injury to the players. FIVB: Only wooden and synthetic surface is allowed.

ZONES AND AREAS

1 ZONES AND AREAS FRONT ZONE Limited by the axis of the center line and the rear edge of the attack line. Considered to extend beyond the side lines to the end of the free zone.

2 ZONES AND AREAS SERVICE ZONE 9m wide area behind each end line. Laterally limited by two short lines. Extends to the end of the free zone.

3 ZONES AND AREAS SUBSTITUTION ZONE Limited by the extension of both attach lines up to the scorer’s table.

4 ZONES AND AREAS LIBERO REPLACEMENT ZONE Part of the free zone on the side of the team benches. Limited by the extension of the attack line up to the end line.

5 ZONES AND AREAS WARM-UP AREA (For FIVB, World and Official Competitions) Sized approx. 3x3m located in both of the bench-side corners, outside the free zone.

6 ZONES AND AREAS PENALTY AREA Sized approx. 1x1m equipped with two chairs, located in the control area. Limited by a 5cm wide red line

BASIC PRINCIPLES / RULES OF THE GAME

BASIC PRINCIPLES Don’t let the ball hit the floor on your side of the net The primary objective in volleyball is make the ball hit the floor on the opponent’s side of the court, while simultaneously preventing it from dropping on your side. Three contacts/hits per side Each team is allowed a maximum of three contacts before it must send the ball back over the net. 

BASIC PRINCIPLES Players must rotate clockwise In volleyball, six players rotate clockwise through six different positions on their side of the net. There are three front row positions (left front, middle front, and right front) and three back row positions (left back, middle back, and right back). Teams rotate with each new server. No player can hit the ball twice in succession 5) A player may not cause the ball to come to a rest during contact 6) The net is off-limits

DURING THE PLAY Maximum of three hits per side. Player may not hit the ball twice in succession (A block is not considered a hit). Ball may be played off the net during a volley and on serve A ball touching a boundary line is good. A legal hit is contact with the ball by a player body above and including the waist which does not allow the ball to visibly come to a rest. If two or more players contact the ball simultaneously, it is considered one play and the players involved may not participate in the next play. A player must not block or attack a serve. Switching positions will be allowed only between front line players. ( After the serve only ).

The Serve Server must serve from behind the end line until after contact Ball may be served underhand or overhand. Ball must be clearly visible to opponents before serve. Served ball may graze the net and drop to the other side for point. First game serve is determined by a volley, each subsequent game shall be served by the previous game loser. Serve must be returned by a bump only. no setting or attacking a serve.

Substitution There are a set number of substitutions allotted per game (the specific amount differs according to league and/or level of play). A player may substitute into the game only during dead ball situations. To enter the game, a coach or player must request a substitution from the official, after which the substitute must enter the substitution zone and wait for the referee’s approval.

Scoring Rally scoring will be used. There will be a point scored on every score of the ball. Offense will score on a defense miss or out of bounds hit. Defense will score on an offensive miss, out of bounds hit, or serve into the net. Game will be played to 25 pts. Must win by 2 points.

Rotation Team will rotate each time they win the serve Players shall rotate in a clockwise manner There shall be 4-6 players on each side.

5 Basic Skills

1 Serving The serve initiates play. While there are several different serving techniques— a. underhand serve float serve jump serve top spin serve

2 Passing The pass is a method of receiving an opponent’s serve and/or overhand attack. Two popular forms of this skill: the forearm pass the overhand pass

3 Setting When setting the ball, the goal is to position the ball in the air so that a teammate is able to easily complete an overhand attack/hit.

4 Blocking A block is an attempt to halt an opponent’s attack by jumping with the hands overhead to create a barrier at the net. The most common blocking violation is touching the net. 

5 Hitting The attack usually takes place on a team’s third and final contact. Because an attacker’s goal is to down the ball on the other team’s side of the court, players often jump when striking the ball to increase the difficulty of receiving the hit.

Ace Translation An ace in volleyball occurs when a player serves the ball and it goes over the net and lands on the floor untouched by the other team.

Side-out Translation: A side out in volleyball  occurs when the team that served the ball fails to win a point on the play, resulting in a loss of serve to the opponent.

Roof Translation: When a player jumps above the net to block, and blocks the ball straight down.

Stuff Block Translation: Stuff block is when a player jumps about the height of the net, blocks the ball, and the ball goes back at the person who attacked (spiked) the ball.

Dig When a player makes a save from a very difficult spike. Translation: When a player makes a save from a very difficult spike.

Kill Translation: A kill is when a team spikes the ball and it is successfully put away.

Paint Brush Translation When the hitter swings and barely "brushes" the bottom of the ball. The ball often drops over the blockers for a kill.

Six Pack Translation A six pack occurs when a defensive player gets hit in the head or face by a spiked ball. Also called a facial.

Tool Translation Deliberately hitting the ball off the block for a kill. This is also called using the block or a wipe.