The Roots of Islam Chapter 12, Section 1 Life in a Desert Land Physical Features and Climate Two Ways of Life A New Religion Muhammad Becomes a Prophet Muhammad’s Teachings Islam Spreads in Arabia

Life in a Desert Land

Physical Features and Climate Peninsula Hot, dry air Sand dunes Oasis-a wet, fertile area in a desert Desert, south of Taif, Saudi Arabia An oasis in front of sand dunes

Two Ways of Life Nomads lived in tents. They raised sheep, goats, and camels. They traveled around the desert. They belong to tribes. Tribes offered protection. Bedouins sitting in a tent made of animal skins.

Two Ways of Life Others lived a sedentary, or settled lifestyle. They settled along trade routes. Farming took root. Four farmers sitting among date palms in a Saudi Arabian oasis.

Two Ways of Life caravan-a group of traders that traveled together. Towns became centers for trade.

Life in a Desert Land What two ways of life were common in Arabia? What is a caravan? How did townspeople and nomads rely on each other?

A New Religion

Muhammad Becomes a Prophet

Muhammad Becomes a Prophet Muhammad was born around 570 A.D. Worked as a caravan business manager. Married Khadija, a widow. He became concerned with the treatment of the poor so he began to pray. At age 40, an angel appeared and gave him a message from God.

Muhammad Becomes a Prophet The new religion is called “Islam” Islam-a religion based on the messages Muhammad is believed to have received from God. Muslim-a follower of Islam. Qur'an-the holy book of Islam.

A New Religion In what business was Muhammad involved? What is the difference between the terms Islam and Muslim? Why did Muhammad no tell people right away that an angel had spoken to him?

Muhammad’s Teachings

Muhammad’s Teachings Islam is monotheistic. “Allah” is the Arabic word for God. His teachings upset many Arabs. His new religion threatened people who made $$$ off yearly pilgrimages to Mecca. Pilgrimage-a journey to a sacred place. His teachings said rich and poor would live in a community as equals.

Islam Spreads in Arabia

Islam Spreads in Arabia Mecca’s rulers planned to kill Muhammad. Muhammad fled to Medina. His flight from Mecca to Medina is known as the hegira. Mosque-a building for Muslim prayer. Islam becomes accepted by other Arab tribes and spreads throughout Arabia.

A New Religion What was the hegira? What is one major belief that is the same in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam?

The Kaaba This is the shrine in Mecca where all Muslims are required to visit at least once in their lifetime.