Subatomic Particles Masses of Atoms Mass Number Isotopes Ions

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Ch. 3 - Atomic Structure p. 75-80 Subatomic Particles Masses of Atoms Mass Number Isotopes Ions Relative Atomic Mass Average Atomic Mass

I. Subatomic Particles ATOM NUCLEUS PROTONS ELECTRONS NEUTRONS equal in a neutral atom PROTONS NEUTRONS NEGATIVE CHARGE NEUTRAL CHARGE POSITIVE CHARGE

K I. Subatomic Particles 19 Potassium 39.0983 ATOMIC NUMBER # of protons # of electrons in neutral atoms K Potassium AVERAGE ATOMIC MASS 39.0983 mass of protons + neutrons

K 39 A. Mass Number 19 Potassium 39.0983 MASS NUMBER = protons + neutrons round off the average atomic mass always a whole number NOT on the periodic table!!!!! MASS NUMBER FOR K: 19 K Potassium 39.0983 39

A. Mass Number Q: Carbon has 6 protons & 6 neutrons.What is it’s mass number? A: 12 Carbon-12 © Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc.

Fe 56 26 B. Isotopes Mass # Atomic # Hyphen notation: Iron-56 Atoms of the same element with different mass numbers (different # of neutrons. Nuclear symbol: Mass # 56 Fe Atomic # 26 Hyphen notation: Iron-56

B. Isotopes © Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc.

# of neutrons = mass # - atomic # B. Isotopes To find # of neutrons: # of neutrons = mass # - atomic # Mass # Atomic # # of Neutrons = 6

B. Isotopes Chlorine-37 atomic #: mass #: # of protons: # of electrons: # of neutrons: 17 37 20

C. Ions Atoms with a (+) or (-) charge due to a gain or loss of electron(s) Positive Ion: loss of e- EX: Ca 2+ (has 2 less e- than p+) Negative Ion: gain of e- EX: Cl - (has 1 more e- than p+)

D. Relative Atomic Mass 12C atom = 1.992 × 10-23 g atomic mass unit (amu) 1 amu = 1/12 the mass of a 12C atom 1 p = 1.007276 amu 1 n = 1.008665 amu 1 e- = 0.0005486 amu © Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc.

E. Average Atomic Mass weighted average of all isotopes on the Periodic Table round to 2 decimal places Avg. Atomic Mass

E. Average Atomic Mass EX: Calculate the avg. atomic mass of oxygen if its abundance in nature is 99.76% 16O, 0.04% 17O, and 0.20% 18O. Avg. Atomic Mass 16.00 amu

E. Average Atomic Mass EX: Find chlorine’s average atomic mass if approximately 8 of every 10 atoms are chlorine-35 and 2 are chlorine-37. Avg. Atomic Mass 35.40 amu