Unit 5 Nelson Mandela – a modern hero Using language

Listening What things do you think were unfair in South Africa? Jobs Working places Land ownership Hospital and schools they went

2. Listen to the tape and write down the main idea. The text is mainly talk about the three reasons why Elias joined the ANC Youth League.

3 Listen again and fill in the chart below. Differences White people Black people The jobs they did no need for a passbook to work needed a passbook to work

Differences White people Black people Where the workers lived How much land they owned Their hospitals and schools with their workmates with their families poorest parts of South Africa most of South Africa the best the worst

4. Discuss the question in pairs. Do you think Elias was right to join the ANC Youth League? Imagine you are Elias. What would you do? Why?

WHY ELIAS JOINED THE ANC YOUTH LEAGUE Listening text WHY ELIAS JOINED THE ANC YOUTH LEAGUE I joined the ANC Youth League because it fought for equal rights for black and white people in South Africa. First, white people did not have to carry passbooks and could work anywhere. As a black person I could not work without a passbook.

This passbook had your name, address and birthplace in it This passbook had your name, address and birthplace in it. If the police found me without it or if I was living in the wrong town, I could be put in prison. So I went to the ANC Youth League for help. Secondly, in the gold mines where I worked, the white workers sat in their

offices while the black South Africans worked underground. When we worked at the mines we could not live with families like the white people did. We had to live in large rooms with beds placed like desks in a classroom. I wanted to live in a home of my own just as white workers did.

I believe the ANC Youth League could help us solve this problem. Thirdly, the white people could live anywhere they liked in South Africa. They owned almost all the land although they were fewer in number than the black people. They had the best schools.

They had the best doctors. They made the laws They had the best doctors. They made the laws. We wanted to have the same rights and to be equal with the white people in our own land. Those are the reasons why I joined the ANC Youth League.

4. Listen again and choose the best answer. 1. What is a passbook? A. A book to help you pass exams. B. A book to show your identity. C. A book to tell you where to live. D. A book to tell you how to live. B

2. If a black hasn’t a passbook _____. A. he can’t travel in South Africa B. he could be put in prison C. he can only travel inside South Africa D. no one will offer him a job B

3. Where did Elias work? A. In a school. B. In a post office C. In a club. D. In the gold mines. D

4. Who worked underground? A. The white workers. B. The black and white workers. C. The black workers. D. Foreign workers. C

5. Who worked on the surface? A. The black workers. B. The black and white workers. C. The white workers. D. Foreign workers. C

6. Where did Elias live? A. In a classroom. B. In a home of his own. C. In a large room with beds. D. With his family. C

中国英语教师网 Reading and discussing The Rest of Elias’ story 中国英语教师网 18

Could you imagine the life of Mandela and Elias in prison Could you imagine the life of Mandela and Elias in prison. Find some words to describe it.

Fast Reading The main idea of each paragraph Paragraph 1 Paragraph 2 Elias’s life in prison. Elias’s life after he finished the four year in prison

What happened to Elias in prison Good things Bad things 1. Mandela started a school in the prison. 1. He was beaten. 2. The guards were cruel. 2. Elias became a good student. 3. Some people died in prison. 3. He realized he was clever enough to do a degree. 4. Elias was not allowed to take a degree in prison.

Para 1 1. Elias was unhappy in the prison because _________. A. he was kept with the criminals B. the prison guards studied with him C. he has to study D. he could not study for a degree D

2. How did Elias think of his prison life? A. Unhappy. B. Boring. C. Sad. D. Terrible. D

3. Nelson Mandela showed how good a leader he was because ________. A. he fought the guards in prison B. he refused to let the guards study in his school C. he let the guards study in his school but not take the exams D. he let the guards study even though the prisoners could not take the exams D

4. Life for Elias was not too bad in prison because _________ A. he had to study B. he could study with the guards C. he wanted to study D. he could study and get a degree B

5. As leader of South Africa, Nelson Mandela helped prisoners of Robben Island by ________ A. giving them an education B. giving them money C. putting the guards in prison D. giving them a job A

1. Why did Elias lose the job? Para 2 1. Why did Elias lose the job? The police found out he had been in prison for blowing up the government buildings and told it to his boss.

2. When did Elias begin to work again? He began to work when Mr. Mandela and the ANC came to power in 1994. 3. How did Elias’s family make a living when he had no job? They had to beg for food and help from relatives or friends.

4. What’s Elias’s new job? Did he enjoy it? His job is taking the tourists round his old prison, at first he didn't enjoy his job but later he was proud to do this.

Retell the story of Elias study the environment life in prison degree first job beg for food life after he finished the four year in prison took tourists around the prison

Compare your ideas with another pair. 1 What would you have done if 中国英语教师网 Now discuss the questions in pairs. Compare your ideas with another pair. 1 What would you have done if you were Elias? 2 How do you think his wife and family felt when he was in prison? 中国英语教师网 31

Language points 1. You cannot imagine how the sound of the name of Robben Island made us afraid. 你想象不到听到罗本岛这个名字令我们 多么害怕。 imagine n./doing sth./sb.+ doing/that… Can you imagine life without electricity? I didn’t imagine becoming a writer in my childhood. I can’t imagine her marrying him. Imagine that you are a bird.

2. He taught us during the lunch breaks and the evening when we should have been asleep. 在午餐的休息时间和晚上我们本应该 睡觉的时候他教授我们。 1) should do & should have done He should have come earlier. You should come earlier tomorrow.

You should have written to your mother. should do 表示应该做, 一般指现在或将来 的动作, 指过去的动作时应站在过去的角度。 should have done 表示本应该做而没有做的。 站在现在的角度上评说过去的事情。 You should have written to your mother. My teacher said I should study harder. I should have studied harder when I was young.

----My mother is very upset today. ----It’s your fault. You ________ the bad news to her yesterday. A. should tell B. should have told C. shouldn’t have told D. must tell 答案: C

2) asleep 是表语形容词, 意为“睡着的”。 sleepy 是形容词, 意为“打盹的”。 --Is he still sleeping? --Yes, he is fast asleep. I was too sleepy to hear the end of her talk. I usually sleep seven hours a day.

3. They were not cleverer than me, but they did pass their exams. 他们不如我聪明但是他们确实通过了考试。 did pass 为强调结构，强调谓语动词时， 在动词原形前加do、does、did. Do be careful! I do hope you have a merry Christmas! He does speak English well!

4. I did not work again for twenty years until Mr. Mandela and the ANC came to power in 1994. 1) come to power = come into power 执政 in power 当权，执政 Things have changed a lot since he came to power. How long has he been in power?

2) not…until 意为“直到……才……”， 所表示的时间才发生，主句的谓语 动词是非持续性的动词。如： I won’t leave until you come back. 直到你回来我才会离开。

until用于肯定句时, 意为“直到”, 主 句的动词必须是持续性的。如： He waits until the children are asleep. 他一直等到孩子们睡着。 如果主句是将来时态, 以until引导的 时间状语从句用一般现在时。如： I’ll stay here until he comes back. I won’t leave until he comes back.

注意: not…until用于强调句型, 在强调 强调部分。如: He didn’t leave until l returned. = It was not until I returned that he left．

5. beg vt .vi. 乞讨, 乞求, 恳求, 请求 beg (for). sth (begged begged begging) He begged (for) money from passers-by. beg (for ) sth (of) sb (向某人)恳求...… I beg a quick answer of you . 我恳求你迅速答复我。 beg (of) sb to do sth 恳请某人做某事 He begged his teacher to forgive him. beg to do sth 恳请做某事 He begged to watch the match.

6. All the terror and fear of that time came back to me. terror n. 恐怖, 可怕的人或事 The murder was a terror to the people in the town. fear n. 恐惧, 可怕 vt. 恐惧, 害怕 + n./to do /that… Do you fear death? She fears to speak in our presence. I fear that we can’t protect ourselves.

for fear of …& for fear that… 担心 He left an hour earlier for fear of missing the train. She worried for fear that the child would be hurt.

7. I remembered the beatings and the cruelty of the guards and my friends who had died. beating n. 打、输 They gave him a good beating. They gave our team quite a beating. beat n. 敲击, 跳动 We heard the beat of a drum. Can you hear the beat of my heart? beat v. beat – beat - beaten/beat The rain was beating against the window.

8. reward n. v. 报酬, 奖金, 酬劳, 奖赏 in reward reward sb for sth reward sb with sth He gave the boy five yuan in reward. He rewarded the boy for bringing back the lost dog. He rewarded the boy with five yuan. 作为报酬 因……而奖赏某人 用……酬劳某人

reward 一般指通过做某事获得的 回报或者报酬，可以是钱，也可以 是物品或精神鼓励。 award 指的是由评委经过认真考虑 颁发的奖品。 prize 指在比赛中获得的奖项。

A A 1) It is widely accepted that young babies learn to do things because certain acts lead to_______. A. reward B. prizes C. awards D. results 2) She won first _______ in the 100 meters’ race. A. prize B. awards C. rewards D. result A A

They set off in search of the lost child. 9. set up set off set down set out to do sth set about doing sth They set off in search of the lost child. The author set about writing a new book. 建立, 设立 出发, 动身, 使爆炸 记下, 写下 开始做某事 开始做某事

The young man was sentenced to death for murder. 10. sentence v. sentence sb to sth The young man was sentenced to death for murder. The judge sentenced him to three years in prison. a light/heavy sentence n. 句子 e.g. Make a sentence, please. 判决, 宣判, 判刑 判处某人…… (徒刑) 轻判/重判

Speaking and writing Look at the life of Nelson Mandela and answer the following questions. When did Nelson Mandela complete his law degree at the university? 2. When was ANC Youth League was formed? In 1940. In 1944.

3. What did he set up in 1952? Law office to help poor black people in Johannesburg. 4. Why was it closed by government? Because he attacked anti-black laws.

Why was he sentenced to five year hard labour in 1962? 6. What did the ANC do in 1963? For encouraging violence against anti-black laws. The ANC began to blow up buildings.

Divide the students into two groups to have a debate. What do you think of Nelson Mandela?

The following expressions may help you. ASKING FOR OPINIONS What do you think of ...? What’s your opinion? What are your ideas? Do you have any thoughts on that? How do you feel about that? Why do you think so?

GIVING OPINIONS I think/I don’t think ... I believe/I don’t believe (that) ... In my opinion... To my understanding, ... I’m with you. I feel that ... /I don’t feel that ...

Sample discussion: S1: What do you think of Nelson Mandela? Do you think he is a great man? S2: Yes, I think so. After all, he fits our definition of a great man. He worked hard for a good cause. He also sacrificed 27 years of his life when he went to prison.

S1: I’m not so sure. He was in favour of violence and that is the behaviour of a great man, is it? S2: True. However, he explained at his trial why he encouraged the ANC to become violent. He said that there was no other way for them to attack the unfair laws.

S1: Yes, I know. But it still worries me. Maybe he would say that so people would think well of him. S2: Remember what happened to Elias when he left prison. He was not allowed to work by the government for 20 years. No! Mandela was right. S1: OK. Maybe you’re right.

S2: Well, another thing is that he tried to bring the guards and the prisoners together when he ran his school in prison. He encouraged the guards to take degrees too. S1: Yes, that does sounds good. Maybe I should find out what he did after he became President of South Africa.

I’d like to know if he was as fair then to the white people. S2: A good point. Actually he was. He really is a good man. S1: If what you say is true, then I agree with you.

Homework Write a summary of Nelson Mandela’s life or a short paragraph about your ideas on Nelson Mandela.