social sciences 4

The air around us We live in the troposphere which has the air we breathe. Air is made up of oxygen, nitrogen and small amounts of other gases, such as carbon dioxide. The stratosphere is the next layer above the troposphere. It can reach to about 50 km above sea level. It’s where jet planes fly. The next layer up is the ionosphere. It’s next to space and there are satellites here.

Measuring the weather Scientists called meteorologists use instruments to measure the atmospheric conditions. A rain gauge measures precipitation. A thermometer measures the temperature in the air. A barometer gives us the air pressure which can indicate if it will rain.

Climate Climate is the group of typical conditions of a place over the year.

Protecting ourselves and the Earth The ozone layer protects us against the Sun’s harmful UV-B rays. We should drink plenty of liquids to stop us from dehydrating. There are holes in the ozone layer but scientists also think that the atmosphere has become thicker because of pollution. Hurricanes are storms with very strong winds.

What have we learnt? The layers of the Earth’s atmosphere are… troposphere stratosphere ionosphere

What have we learnt? We can measure the weather with … rain gauges thermometers barometers

What have we learnt? The types of climates that we can find are… Continental Mediterranean climate Subtropical climate Mediterranean climate Oceanic climate Mountain climate

protecting us from the Sun What have we learnt? We should take care of ourselves and the Earth… protecting us from the Sun preventing pollution