Pathways involved in oxalate, glyoxylate, and glycolate metabolism in the human hepatocyte. Peroxisomal enzymes: (1) L-2-hydroxy acid oxidase A/glycolate.

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Volume 77, Issue 5, Pages (March 2010)

Presentation transcript:

Pathways involved in oxalate, glyoxylate, and glycolate metabolism in the human hepatocyte. Peroxisomal enzymes: (1) L-2-hydroxy acid oxidase A/glycolate oxidase (EC 1.1.3.1), (2) catalase (EC 1.11.1.6), (3) D-amino acid oxidase/glycine oxidase (EC 1.4.3.3), and (4) alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase/serine:pyruvate aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.44/2.6.1.51). Cytosolic enzymes: (5) lactate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.27), (6) D-glycerate dehydrogenase/glyoxylate reductase (EC 1.1.1.29/1.1.1.27/1.1.1.79), (7) hydroxypyruvate decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.40) (also occurs in the mitochondria231 ), (8) aldehyde dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.1.5) (various isoforms are also found in other intracellular compartments, such as mitochondria, peroxisomes, and microsomes551 ), (9) glycolate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.99.14), (10) glutamate:glyoxylate aminotransferase/alanine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.4/2.6.1.2), (11) serine hydroxymethyltransferase (EC 2.1.2.1), and (12) serine dehydratase (EC 4.2.1.13). PyrP, pyridoxal phosphate; FAD, flavin-adenine dinucleotide; FMN, flavin mononucleotide; NAD(P)+/NAD(P)H, oxidized and reduced forms of nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide (phosphate). Note that the relative importance of the various metabolic pathways is not universally agreed on (see text for details). Source: Primary Hyperoxaluria, The Online Metabolic and Molecular Bases of Inherited Disease Citation: Valle D, Beaudet AL, Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW, Antonarakis SE, Ballabio A, Gibson K, Mitchell G. The Online Metabolic and Molecular Bases of Inherited Disease; 2014 Available at: https://ommbid.mhmedical.com/DownloadImage.aspx?image=/data/books/971/ch133fg3.png&sec=62641575&BookID=971&ChapterSecID=62641527&imagename=&gboscontainerID=0 Accessed: December 16, 2017 Copyright © 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved