The Document-Based Question DBQ

What Is It? An essay question that requires you to interpret primary source documents. Documents might include the following: Newspaper articles/editorials Letters/diaries Speeches Legislation Political cartoons Charts and graphs

What Are the Documents for? To discuss events and ideas with which you are familiar. To support or refute the essay questions Focus around the essay topic

When Do I Take the DBQ? After the multiple-choice section You get a green booklet with the essay questions and DBQ Begins with a 15 minute mandatory reading period Evaluate and interpret the documents

Is There a Right Answer to Each DBQ? No Multiple arguments Develop your argument (thesis) with evidence (include outside information) Use a strong historical argument

I Have the Question, Now What Do I Do? Getting Started Read the question thoroughly Explore all parts of the question (how many parts) Highlight important aspects Ask these two questions Do I have an opinion about this subject? What must I discuss in order to write a successful essay? (most important)

Getting Stated Cont. Gather information Address issues Decide on data Organize plan of attack

Circle or underline the key parts to the question. Sample Question To what extent and how valid were the fears many Americans develop from the end of World War II through the Eisenhower administration that communism threatened the existence and safety of the United States. Use the documents and your knowledge of the 1940s through the 1950s, to answer the question. Circle or underline the key parts to the question.

Sample Question Breakdown To what extent and how valid were the fears many Americans develop from the end of World War II through the Eisenhower administration that communism threatened the existence and safety of the United States.

Sample Question Breakdown To what extent and how valid were the fears many Americans develop from the end of World War II through the Eisenhower administration that communism threatened the existence and safety of the United States.

Sample Question Breakdown To what extent and how valid were the fears many Americans develop from the end of World War II through the Eisenhower administration that communism threatened the existence and safety of the United States.

Sample Question Breakdown To what extent and how valid were the fears many Americans develop from the end of World War II through the Eisenhower administration that communism threatened the existence and safety of the United States.

Sample Question Breakdown To what extent and how valid were the fears many Americans develop from the end of World War II through the Eisenhower administration that communism threatened the existence and safety of the United States. Use the documents and your knowledge of the 1940s through the 1950s to answer the question.

Sample Question Breakdown To what extent and how valid were the fears many Americans develop from the end of World War II through the Eisenhower administration that that communism threatened the existence and safety of the United States. Use the documents and your knowledge of the 1940s through the 1950s to answer the question.

Sample Question Breakdown Thoroughly examined and analyzed the questioned Create a information grid Pertinent information

Information Grid Valid Not Valid Maybe/maybe not Threats from other countries Threats from within the U.S.

Gather Outside Information Jot down terms, ideas, and/or concepts 2 or 3 minutes Decide what you can and cannot use Insert into your grid

Information Grid Valid Not Valid Maybe/maybe not Threats from other countries Threats from within the U.S.

Question Breakdown To what extent – amount, degree, level… how valid – what is the depth of truth

Question Breakdown The fears: why were Americans afraid of Communism. How valid were those fears?

Question Breakdown that communism threatened Where did these threats come from? 1) Other countries 2) Within the United States

Question Breakdown existence and safety Both parts must be answered as equally as possible Was the U.S. existence threatened? Was the U.S. safety threatened?

OUTSIDE INFORMATION Question Breakdown your knowledge of the 1940s through the 1950s OUTSIDE INFORMATION

Outside Information Information same as the documents That means you are on target Brainstorm outside of the grid

Reading the Documents Document Order Chronological - if so the test is asking you trace the historical development. Otherwise – organized for compare and contrast (draw comparisons in your essay).

Reading the Documents Inconsistencies Not all documents agree Present different view points Recognize inconsistencies SOAPS help you identify the source and differing opinions of the same event or data

Reading the Documents Once you decided on your thesis: (documents) Supporting evidence Contradicting evidence - incorporate and acknowledge these Why was that document included? Add more outside info (???)

Thesis Development Read question one more time Develop a argument you can prove Make sure your thesis addresses all pertinent aspects of the question

Write Your Essay Get to the point Back thesis up with facts, solid evidence not fluff 3 or 4 different issues or topic sentences Make sure you are addressing the question Refer back to the question several times Include as many documents as possible

Final Conclusion Stay confident Don’t panic Take a deep breath to relax You prepared all year for the test Everyone else is in the same boat as you

Other questions: How did TWO of the following contribute to the reemergence of a two party system in the period 1820-1840? Major political personalities States’ Rights Economic Issues How were the lives of the Plains Indians in the second half of the 19th century affected by technological developments and government actions?

Other questions: In what ways did economic conditions and developments in the arts and entertainment help create the reputation of the 1920s as the Roaring Twenties? Assess the success of the United States policy of containment in Asia between 1945 and 1975.

Other questions: DBQ 1997 To what extent did economic and political developments as well as assumptions about the nature of women affect the position of American women during the period of 1890-1925?