Chapter 2 Chemical Basis of Life.

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 2 Chemical Basis of Life

Bio and Chemistry Review Review on your own the following 6 slides

Atoms Nucleus- protons and neutrons Electrons- around outer orbits of nucleus Protons and electrons are usually equal in numbers, but sometimes an electron or two will be lost or gained creating an ions or changed atom. Atomic mass- protons + neutrons Atomic number- protons (and one can infer the number of electrons form this to)

Major Elements in the Human Body Oxygen- 65%  Potassium- 0.4% Carbon- 18.5%  Sulfur- 0.3% Hydrogen- 9.5%  Chlorine- 0.2% Nitrogen- 3.2%  Sodium- 0.2% Calcium- 1.5%  Magnesium- 0.1% Phosphorous- 1.0%

Bonds Ionic- two ions with opposite charges bond together, exchanging electrons Covalent- two atoms share electrons forming a bond

Molecules and Compounds Molecule- two or more atoms bond together Compounds- atoms of different elements combine

Chemical Reactions Catalyst- lower the activation energy required to start a reaction Reversible reactions

Acids and Bases Electrolytes- compounds that releases ions in water (ex. NaCl) Electrolytes that release H+ ions are acids (Ex HCl) Electrolytes that combine with H+ ions are bases (Ex. NaOH) pH is a measure of H+ concentrations Scale: 0 (acidic)  7(Neutral)  14 (Basic)

Your work…. Use your textbook to outline inorganic (No C) and organic (C+H) constituents of cells Provide descriptions, functions and examples for the following: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids. (pg. 42-46)

Building blocks Function Examples Extra Info Carbs Monosaccharides- ie Glucose Short term energy Glucose, cellouse, fructose Mono, di, poly saccaharides Proteins Amino acids0 Enzymes Energy, stucture, antibodies -ase (enzyme) Lipids Fatty Acid and Glycerol Long term energy Cholesterol Insoluable Nucleic Acids Nucleotide Store and transmit genetic info DNA and RNA Instructions for making proteins

Organelles List as many as you can and tell me their jobs… Mitochondria - energy (CR) Ribosome- makes proteins (PS) Cell membrane- protection/structure/ entrance Nucleus- brain/DNA ER -Smoothlipid production; Roughprotein

Organs and their functions

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