Japan Recovers How did Japan recover from the ruins of World War II?

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Presentation transcript:

Japan Recovers How did Japan recover from the ruins of World War II? Allied occupation, 1945–1952 New constitution imposed Reduction of emperor's power Armed forces for self-defense only Japanese constitution Modeled on U.S. constitution Universal suffrage Three branches of government Retention of elements of nineteenth-century political system

Japan Recovers State capitalism Active role of government in economy Sets price and wage policies Subsidizes industries Establishment of ties between large companies, similar to zaibatsu Nation's development into industrial giant Land reform Division of large tenant farms Transformation of tenants into independent farmers

Japan Recovers Social policies New educational system stressing individualism Persistence of characteristics of traditional society Strong traditional work ethic Continued subordination of women

Asian Tigers What are the Asian Tigers, and how did they become successful? Asian Tigers: South Korea, Taiwan, Singapore, Hong Kong Imitated Japan Built successful industrial societies

Asian Tigers South Korea Retirement of dictator Syngman Rhee in 1960 Accession of Park Chung Hee, who ruled autocratically until 1990s Main industries: chemicals, textiles, ships, automobiles

Asian Tigers Taiwan (Republic of China) Authoritarian government ruled by refugees from mainland China Protected militarily by United States; able to focus on economic growth Land reform; food production doubles Expansion of manufacturing and commerce Death of Chiang Kai-shek in 1975 leads to the government slowly becoming more democratic

Asian Tigers Singapore Former British colony Authoritarian rule creates stability for growth Development of free-market economy Banking, ship building, oil refineries, electronics Citizens demanding greater political freedom in recent years

Asian Tigers Hong Kong Colony of Great Britain until 1997 Becomes industrial powerhouse with high standard of living Returned to China in 1997, with guarantee of economic and political freedom

Taiwan and Mainland China How does the history of Taiwan's relations with mainland China contribute to its uncertain future? Chiang Kai-shek is defeated by Chinese Communists. Chiang establishes Republic of China on Taiwan. Taiwan government claims legitimate rule over all China. Communist government on mainland claims rule over all China, including Taiwan. United States continues to protect Taiwan from invasion by mainland China.