Grammar Time!

Subjects/predicates Subject – who is performing the action? Predicate – what are they doing? The angry dog chewed on his bone. For her birthday, the silly child is going to Chuck E. Cheese. The flower is beautiful.

Simple sentences Are about primarily just one thing MIGHT have commas Can have multiple subjects and verbs EX: The dog is brown. EX: Sue and Mary bought and sold some tickets. EX: In the morning, you will catch your bus.

Prepositional Phrases! Important to memorize prepositions so you don’t get confused by them…

Compound Sentences Comprised of two independent clauses (have a subject and verb) Can be joined in three ways 1. With a comma and a conjunction 2. With a semicolon 3. With a semicolon, conjunctive adverb AND a comma

For Example Susan bought some milk, and Joe bought some cookies. I love pizza; I eat it every day. The sun shone brightly; however, the rain came in the next day. The boy took a picture, and developed it at home. (PROBLEM!)

Complex Sentences Made up of an independent clause AND a dependent clause (remember, dependent clauses have a s/v, but they can’t stand alone) If the dependent clause starts the sentence, follow it with a comma. If the independent clause comes first, no comma.

Because the hawk caught a bunny, he will have lunch. Comma after the dependent clause. The hawk will have lunch because he caught a bunny. No comma before because!

Compound-Complex sentences Two independent clauses PLUS a dependent clause! Follow the same punctuation rules as you would a compound sentence. Ex - Since you love eating, you should got to go to Golden Corral, so you can enjoy the buffet.

Types of Clauses Adjective clauses – Are dependent clauses that follow the nouns or pronouns that they modify Often begin with that, which, who, whom and whose **Remember, a clause has both a subject and a verb

Adverb Clauses A dependent clause that is used as an adverb Begin with subordinating conjunctions such as… after although as as if where because Before if Since than though unless Until when whenever while

When I went to Washington D.C., I had a great time. I had a great time when I went to Washington D.C. I love ice cream, because it is yummy. (PROBLEM)

REVIEW Simple- have commas after prep phrases Compound=two IC’s joined by a comma/conjunction or a semi colon Complex=IC+DC…if DC comes first, then follow it with a comma. If the IC comes first, then no comma. CP-CX – follow same rules as above

Practice Time! First person in the rows get whiteboards…

Write a simple sentence with a prep phrase

CD w/a semicolon

CD w/a comma + fanboys

CX w/dependent clause FIRST

CX w/Dependent clause last