CLASSICAL INDIA AND CHINA EXAM REVIEW

HINDUISM Dharma imposed different requirements for the different castes of society Disregarding the caste system led to serious punishment Women were considered to be subservient – reinforced through social norms - Sati

BUDDHISM Buddhism gained support among unskilled workers and outcastes because of its appeal that salvation could be achieved in less time than in Hinduism Four Noble Truths - overcoming desires will bring an end to suffering Follow the Middle Path

BUDDHISM - Asoka Attempted to improve his empire through benevolent rule and social reforms Buddhist principles stressed in the rock and pillar edicts

COMPARING HINDUISM AND BUDDHISM Buddhism denied the need for castes, rites, and sacrifice to achieve nirvana

ZHOU DYNASTY The Warring States period helped to inspire the development of Daoism, Confucianism, and Legalism

QIN DYNASTY Shi Huangdi unified China by: establishing uniform currency and measurements employing legalism (Han Feizi) as the state political philosophy built the Great Wall to guard against invasion from the warlike nomadic people from the north punishing and sometimes executing those who opposed the policies of its regime

CONFUCIANISM Achieve good government and an orderly society through the 5 Primary Social Relationships A ruler must set an example for the people Women were considered to be subservient

DAOISM Founded by Laozi Advocated disengagement from worldly affairs Advocated harmony with nature People should live a passive existence

HAN DYNASTY Founder – Liu Bang (peasant) Wudi – greatest emperor Confucianism – official state philosophy Territorial expansion and consolidation Selection of government officials based on merit Extensive silk production and iron casting – monopoly on iron and salt

DISCUSION QUESTION YOU MUST READ AND USE A QUOTE FROM CONFUCIUS TO ANSWER A SERIES OF QUESTIONS YOU MUST EXPLAIN HOW THE QUOTE REFECTS CONFUCIUS’ IDEAS ON GOVERNMENT YOU MUST EXPLAIN HOW HAN FEIZI WOULD DISPUTE THE QUOTE YOU MUST USE AND DISCUSS 2 SPECIFIC EXAMPLES FROM EITHER THE QIN OR HAN DYNASTY AND EXPLAIN HOW THE IDEAS OF CONFUCIUS OR HAN FEIZI WERE APPLIED TO CHINESE GOVERNMENT.