The Age of Exploration Chapter 2

Now Do, You Must Why do you think the people of Europe wanted to explore? Why would you want to explore beyond your normal surroundings?

Background Renaissance encouraged adventure Religious purposes Crusades/Spices/Marco Polo Italians and Muslims rule trade

Exploration Domination Spain England Netherlands Italy France Teams: Spain England Italy France Portugal Netherlands Portugal

God, Glory, Gold Wealth: trade with China England, Spain, Portugal, France Spreading Christianity: (Crusades/Conversions) “To serve God and His Majesty, to give light to those who were in darkness, and to grow rich as all men desire to do.” -Dias

Columbus claims San Salvador for Spain

Columbus Italian (Genoa) Thought that India (The Indies) was west of Europe Called Natives he found Indians He UNDERESTIMATED the circumference of the world

Columbus What we thought What we know now

Columbus What we thought What we know now He discovered America He made it to the United States He was friendly with the Indians What we know now He wasn’t the first to discover the land He didn’t realize he was not in America even till his death He made the Indians his servants

Slavery before America Losers of battle would be taken as slaves Citizens of villages that were plundered and burned People seen as inferior

Slavery in America Europeans started gold mines and growing crops Farmers/Miners had Indians work the land When disease killed 90% of the Indian population, they needed new workers Africans were being captured and brought to the Caribbean

Cortes Mistaken for a god because of his armor https://vimeo.com/128641410 Led conquistadores to Mexico to get gold/land for Spain Destroyed cities and built new ones in honor of Spain

Spanish Conquests

2.2 Review Questions Describe how Spain established territorial claims in the Caribbean and South America in complete sentences. What is a conquistador? Who do you think gained more through the Columbian      Exchange: Europe or the Americas? Why?

Spanish Mission

2.3 Review Questions What was the relationship like between the Spanish and the American Indians in North America? Compare how Spain took over land in North America to the way they took over land in the Caribbean and South America.

France Sailed to Canada, move west from there Traded with Native Americans for furs, integrated with the Huron tribes. Made enemies with the Iroquois Fur trading led them to Louisiana, and they took over most of the land to the east of the Mississippi River

England John Cabot follows Columbus to America, plants flag Roanoke: failed bc they arrived too late to plant crops, died in winter

Jamestown -Virginia area filled with disease and Indians No English knew about farming, wouldn’t last winter Pocahontas helps settlers make food, almost die during winter Fighting breaks out, Pocahontas is captured learns English ways John Rolfe marries her, two peoples are at peace

Netherlands Henry Hudson discovers river in the east coast Dutch colonists settle in upper Hudson area (New York) Trade fur with Indians for land, supplied weapons to Iroquois Established New Amsterdam, a welcoming city The English take over, name it New York

Chapter 2 Final Thought Questions How did Marco Polo encourage European exploration? The French and the Dutch (Netherlands) both traded/grew what product? Why did the London Company send settlers to Virginia?