Please form teams of 5-8 people Exam 1 Jeopardy

Viruses and other nasties How do you science? Viruses and other nasties Prokaryotes Big Words Anything Else 100 200 300 400 500

How do you science? 100 What is the difference between a hypothesis and a theory?

Answer A hypothesis is a testable, falsifiable explanation for something A theory is an explanation for some given phenomenon

How do you science? 200 What are the characteristics of a good hypothesis?

Answer A hypothesis must be falsifiable, testable, and make predictions Hypotheses cannot be proven false or true. By falsifiable, it just means that it has to be able to be rejected

How do you science? 300 What are the steps of the scientific method in the CORRECT order?

Answer Develop a hypothesis, make observations and conduct an experiment, reject or fail your hypothesis, make a conclusion and tweak your hypothesis (if needed)

How do you science? 400 According to the following list, which is NOT true? A) Hypotheses MUST be able to be rejected B) Hypotheses are educated guesses to learn about the scientific world C) All hypotheses must be rejected once to be truly accepted in science D) Hypotheses cannot be proven true or false

Answer C is false! Hypotheses are sometimes supported after the first experiment

How do you science? 500 Define what deductive and inductive reasoning is. Also, give an example of each and explain why it is so.

Answer Deductive reasoning is when an observation brings about a general statement. Example: Daisies are a type of flower. Flowers are autotrophs. Daisies are autotrophs. Inductive reasoning is when a pattern is observed, and a generalization is concluded, based on the pattern Example: I started eating more apples the week before my race, and I ran the fastest I ever have. The more apples I ate, the faster I was. If I continue to eat apples, I will become a faster runner

Viruses and other nasties 100 What is uncoating?

Answer Uncoating is when a virus fuses to a host cell’s membrane. The host cell then forms a bubble around the virus, allowing the virus to enter and infect the cell

Viruses and other nasties 200 What are satellites?

Answer Satellites are viruses that depend on a helper virus. This help virus not only allows the virus to reproduce, but it also assists in infecting the cell

Daily Double! 400 points What kind of bacteria have a thick layer of peptidoglycan as well as lipopolysaccharides?

Answer for Daily Double Gram negative bacteria have both peptidoglycan and lipopolysaccharides

Viruses and other nasties 300 Which of the following is a trait that all viruses have? A) ribosomes B) cytokinesis C) plastima D) capsid

Answer D! A capsid, this is evidence of common ancestry. All viruses share this A capsid is a just a protein shell that surrounds the virus

Viruses and other nasties 400 Which hypothesis states that viruses came from transposons?

Answer Progressive hypothesis

Viruses and other nasties 500 What is the cycle in viruses in which the virus destroys the host cell during reproduction?

Answer Lytic

Prokaryotes 100 What are the characteristics of prokaryotes?

Answer Unicellular, small, fall into either archaea or bacteria class

Prokaryotes 200 Which of the following is NOT a reason why prokaryotes are so successful? A) osmoconforming B) simplicity C) mobile D) reproductive capability

Answer A is false! Though they can survive in varying ranges of salinity, they cannot change themselves due to the salinity

Prokaryotes 300 What are prokaryotes’ walls made of? What is the function of the cell wall?

Answer The cell walls are made up of peptidoglycan (carb and protein mix). The walls provide protection from the environment as well as rigidity

Prokaryotes 400 What is something that prokaryotes don’t have, that eukaryotes do. In addition, where do prokaryotes store their DNA?

Answer Prokaryotes do not have organelles like eukaryotes, therefore they don’t have a nucleus. Instead, the genetic info is held in the nucleoid region NOTE!! They also have a plasmid which is a second genome of DNA

Prokaryotes 500 You are given an antibiotic that stops the formation of enzymes from peptidoglycan. Which prokaryote would be most susceptible to this treatment?

Answer Gram positive. This antibiotic attacks the formation of enzymes from peptidoglycan. We know that gram positive prokaryotes have a thicker outer layer of peptidoglycan, so they would be affected by this treatment.

Big Words 100 What is abiogenesis?

Answer Abiogenesis is the hypothesis that stated life arose from chemical precursors

Big Words 200 What is endosymbiosis?

Answer Endosymbiosis is a theory that attempts to describe the origin of eukaryotes. A prokaryote engulfed bacteria and eventually lead to more complex organisms with organelles

Big Words 300 What is the lysogenic cycle?

Answer This is when a virus gets incorporated into the host DNA (called a provirus). Virus does not reproduce when it is at this stage

Big Words 400 What is a prion and a viroid? How are they different?

Answer A prion is subviral agent that causes proteins to fold incorrectly. And viroids are a circular strand of naked RNA. The main difference is that prions can affect the host organism much quicker.

Big Words 500 What is conjugation? What important structure is needed for this to happen?

Answer Prokaryote reproduction which allows DNA to be exchanged between each prokaryote due to the sex pilus formed Not every prokaryote reproduces in this way, not all have sex pilus

Anything Else 100 True or false: cyanobacteria are chemoautotrophic

Answer False! Cyanobacteria are photoautotrophs. Chemoautotrophs use chemical compounds to synthesize

Anything Else 200 Once Earth had oxygen present, what organisms could flourish? A) chemoautotrophs B) obligate aerobes C) falcultative aerobes D) obligate anaerobes

Answer B! These need oxygen for respiration

Anything Else 300 How did mitochondria evolve?

Answer From engulfed, originally free-standing prokaryotes.

Anything else 400 What allows bacteria to attach to a surface, and also helps them move while being able to assist in reproductive processes?

Answer Pili

Anything Else 500 Which of the three domains contains organisms that thrive in unlikely environments (eg: hot, salty, wet/dry climates)

Answer Domain Archaea