The Effects of WWII & The Rise of Two Super Powers

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Presentation transcript:

The Effects of WWII & The Rise of Two Super Powers 7th Grade Social Studies Harold E. Winkler Middle School

Postwar Europe Europe in Ruins Cities, factories, and farmland destroyed throughout Europe. Result: Economies in ruin… food shortages, famine, disease, and unemployment. Britain had heavy debt and continued to depend on United States. Result: Gave independence to India in 1947, because they could not afford the colony anymore. Europe in Ruins

Non-violent Protestor Indian Mahatma Gandhi India’s Independence 1947 Non-violent Protestor Indian Mahatma Gandhi

Nuremburg Trials Military trials that began in November, 1945 in Nuremburg, Germany The first series of trials focused on 23 high ranking Nazi officials The charges included: 1. Crimes against peace 2. Waging wars of aggression 3. Crimes against humanity

The State of Israel The Creation of Israel After WWII, British controlled Palestine was given to the Jews to establish a safe haven and homeland. This nation is known as Israel and is considered the “Holy Land” for both the Jews and the Palestinians. Conflict still exists today as a result of Jewish occupation of former Palestinian land.

World Map

Middle East Map

Palestine/Israel

The Yalta Conference 1945 The Big Three meet in Soviet Union after V-E Day. Soviets agree to help U.S. fight Japan. In return, Soviets would receive land in Asia (from Russo-Japanese War). Germany will be divided into 4 zones of occupation. The new United Nations is formally established.

The Occupation of Germany Berlin, Germany

The United Nations

U.S.-Soviet Distrust WHY?? Soviets felt the U.S. did not recognize their Communist government. Stalin resented the Allies delaying their attack on Germany during World War II. Tensions began to arise over the democratic v. communist ideologies. In Response: The United States and allies = The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) The Soviet Union and allies = Warsaw Pact

The Iron Curtain The Soviet Union begins influencing other countries in Europe to become Communist. British Prime Minister Winston Churchill refers to the divide between democracy and communist countries in Europe as the ‘Iron Curtain’. U.S. announces a new foreign policy called “containment” to stop spread of communism.

NATO v. WARSAW PACT

Soviet Union “Satellite Nations” Albania Bulgaria Czechoslovakia Hungary Romania Poland

The Truman Doctrine President Harry S. Truman’s plan of containment of Communism around the world. Through the Truman Doctrine, money was sent to countries to rebuild their infrastructure and governments. Money sent to countries fighting off Communism was through an act called the Marshall Plan.

Post War Effects in Asia Many Asian colonies were seeking independence after WWII, such as India and Vietnam. U.S. dropping the atomic bomb devastated Japan… the U.S. will help them rebuild their cities, factories, and governments. Result: Japan models industrialization after U.S. 7 Japanese leaders, including General Tojo, were sentenced to death after World War II. Emperor Hirohito was the only one left…