CHAPTER 1 LESSON 1 UNDERSTANDING MAPS

A map is a model of Earth’s surface. A. UNDERSTANDING MAPS A map is a model of Earth’s surface.

A. UNDERSTANDING MAPS When a map is drawn in map view, it appears as though you were looking down on an area from above Earth’s surface.

A. UNDERSTANDING MAPS Cross sections are drawn in profile view.

A. UNDERSTANDING MAPS This view shows a vertical slice through the ground as though you were looking at Earth’s interior from the side.

A. UNDERSTANDING MAPS

A. UNDERSTANDING MAPS A map legend lists all the symbols used on the map. It also explains what each symbol means.

A. UNDERSTANDING MAPS A map scale determines how large or how small a map might be.

A. UNDERSTANDING MAPS A map scale shows the relationship between distance on a map and actual distance on the ground.

A. UNDERSTANDING MAPS A scale can be written in: words as a ratio or as a scale bar.

A. UNDERSTANDING MAPS

B. READING MAPS An imaginary grid on Earth’s surface is used to find locations.

B. READING MAPS North-south grid lines on a globe run from one pole to another and encircle Earth.

B. READING MAPS The reference line that passes through Greenwich, England, is the prime meridian.

B. READING MAPS The distance in degrees east or west of the prime meridian is longitude.

B. READING MAPS East to West grid lines on a globe are lines of latitude.

B. READING MAPS The reference line halfway between the North and South Poles is the equator.

B. READING MAPS Latitude lines form complete, parallel circles, with the equator being the largest circle

B. READING MAPS

C. PLOTTING LOCATIONS Earth is a sphere, which can be divided into 360 degrees.

C. PLOTTING LOCATIONS The maximum latitude is one-fourth of the distance around Earth, or 90 degrees north or south.

C. PLOTTING LOCATIONS The maximum longitude is half the distance around Earth, or 180 degrees east or west.

C. PLOTTING LOCATIONS To describe a location, name its latitude and its longitude, giving its latitude first

C. PLOTTING LOCATIONS

C. PLOTTING LOCATIONS Each degree of latitude or longitude is divided into 60 minutes, each of which is further divided into 60 seconds.

C. PLOTTING LOCATIONS A time zone in an area between two meridians in which every part has the same time.

C. PLOTTING LOCATIONS Generally, the width of a time zone is 15° longitude.

C. PLOTTING LOCATIONS Generally, the width of a time zone is 15° longitude.

C. PLOTTING LOCATIONS Time changes by one hour when going from one time zone to another.

C. PLOTTING LOCATIONS The line of longitude 180° east or west of the prime meridian is the International Date Line.

C. PLOTTING LOCATIONS When you cross the International Date Line from east to west, it becomes one day later

D. MAP PROJECTIONS A projection shows the surface of Earth on a flat surface

D. MAP PROJECTIONS A cylindrical projection is formed by placing a light at the center of a globe and projecting the grid pattern on the globe onto a cylinder wrapped around the globe

D. MAP PROJECTIONS These maps are accurate in showing shapes near the equator.

D. MAP PROJECTIONS Shapes near the poles look much larger than they actually are.

D. MAP PROJECTIONS A conical projection is formed by placing a light at the center of a globe and projecting the grid pattern on the globe onto a cone wrapped around the globe.