Spain and Portugal Explore! Ms. Doyle – Unit 4

Day 2: Page 2: Spain and Portugal WARM UP List 3 reasons why European countries explored. Which countries began exploration first? Why did countries colonize or imperialize? Agenda: Warm Up Spain and Portugal Notes Timeline Diseases Homework: IDs and quiz Friday (all documents!)

Europe encounters Africa, Asia, & the Americas -late 15th century (1400s) European counties rivaled each other for land and trade rights -charter companies like British East India Co. & Dutch East Indies Co. established monopolies (complete control of product or business) on trade * Set up trade posts along coast of Africa routing to Asia

Increase demand for agricultural goods & disease that killed millions of natives = slaves from Africa Columbian Exchange

Exploration of Spain & Portugal -1st to explore Americas, Africa, and Asia *location near coast was key -Spain gained Philippines -Portugal dominated trade in SE Asia Treaty of Tordesillas: Spain got all Americans except for what is Brazil today which went to Portugal

Spanish colonialism Conquistadores (Spanish explorers) were granted encomiendas (the right to demand labor from Native Americans) Native Americans were forced to do labor on plantations (lg. farms using dependent labor) & in mines, along w/ new diseases from Europe, such as small pox, killed millions of natives Spanish language & religion (Catholicism) were forced on natives Missionaries came over to convert natives

Spanish Colonialism What was one of the major cash crops grown on plantations in S. America and the Caribbean that used forced labor? Social Structure in Spanish Colonies Based on hierarchy w/ Spanish on top Peninsulares Creoles Mestizo Mulatto African slaves and Native Americans

Portuguese Colonialism Began w/ Prince Henry the Navigator Increased profits from sugar cane in Brazil & discovery of gold/diamonds Did not settle in lg. #s like Spanish Class divisions based more on economics than race Mixed native, African, and Portuguese Increase in African slaves to work on plantations Religious & Cultural beliefs of Africans mixed with Portuguese and local beliefs

Day 2: Spain and Portugal Directions: Using your textbook, create a timeline on the following Spanish Explorers: Vasco de Gama Prince Henry Bartolomeu Diaz Columbus Cortes Francisco Pizarro Major Events to Include on Your Timeline: Big accomplishments When and where they explored 1400 1530