BELLWORK: Nov. 27th Read pgs. 346-348 and answer the following questions about the Italian States and birth of the Renaissance: Where did the Renaissance start? Why did it start here? How did trade impact the start of the Renaissance? What was the government of Italy like? How was it divided? Who was the Medici Family? How did the Renaissance impact the power of the church? THINKER: Today we will begin our study of the “Renaissance,” which is a term that translates to “rebirth.” Make a prediction  What is this period a “rebirth” of?

FYI…… All Unit 2 tests must be made up by Thursday! Short answer needs to be made up in tutorial! Multiple choice test will be taken during class tomorrow! All test corrections need to be made up this week! Today: Unit 3 Intro (Renaissance, Reformation, Exploration) No map quiz this unit! No unit exam this unit; however, this unit makes up 40% of your semester exam!

Unit 3: The Renaissance and Reformation The end of Medieval Europe and emergence of Modern times

The Origins of the Renaissance The term Renaissance means “rebirth” in Latin 1350 – 1600 This time period was a “rebirth” of art, ideas, literature, and values. These new ideas caused many Europeans to leave the Catholic church (Starts church Reformation period) Begins in Florence, Italy and spreads north to the rest of Europe center of trade between Europe and Africa center of Greco-Roman culture (links to classical traditions) center of the Catholic Church

Italian City-States Italy was made up of five city-states: Florence – Renaissance origins Venice & Naples - trading port; spread Renaissance ideals Milan - spread Renaissance North Papal States – religious dominance

Origins of the Renaissance The beginnings of the Renaissance were influenced by powerful families such as the Medici family The Medici’s were bankers out of Florence They used their wealth to influence politics & trade The families gave support to various artists

Characteristics of the Renaissance Humanism: human achievements/potential rather than religion Interest in secularism, or non-religious worldly matters Individualism Questioning Attitude Rise of the middle class Great achievements in the arts

Discussion: New Ideas How do you think humanism, secularism, and a questioning attitude changed people’s views of the Catholic Church? New ideas of the Renaissance often conflicted with the traditional teachings of the Catholic Church and Medieval thinking

Renaissance Art Italians were willing to spend a lot of money on art Art communicated political, spiritual and social values Therefore, art was used as a form of competition for social and political status

BELLWORK: 11/28 What is humanism? How did it impact the Renaissance? How did humanism impact education? (pg. 354) Define vernacular. How did this impact education? Why was Shakespeare important to the Renaissance? How did he contribute to this “rebirth?” (pg. 425) THINKER: A major theme in Renaissance literature was the government and how a King should rule; specifically, would it be better to rule through fear or love. So what do you think? As a leader, is it better to be feared or loved by your people? Explain!

Renaissance Art: 355-356 What were the characteristics of Renaissance art? How was this different than the Middle Ages? Explain the two major developments that impacted art of the Renaissance? How was Renaissance architecture different from Medieval architecture? List three important Renaissance artists and their most famous works. In what ways did artists depict humanism in their works?

What were the differences between Medieval and Renaissance Art?

Medieval Art Artists depicted subjects in an unrealistic two dimensional style to indicate the importance of the soul over the body

Enthroned Madonna and Child, 1280

Giotto. Madonna and Child Enthroned with Saints

Characteristics of Renaissance Art Three dimensional Realistic Lifelike Influenced by Greco-Roman culture Use of oil paint “Baptism of Christ” (Da Vinci)

Italian Renaissance Artists Leonardo Da Vinci Michelangelo Raphael Donatello

Leonardo Da Vinci Da Vinci was considered the “Renaissance Man” Was a painter, sculptor, inventor, and a scientist (The Vitruvian Man, 1485)

Leonardo Da Vinci “The Last Supper”

Leonardo Da Vinci “Mona Lisa”

Leonardo Da Vinci: “Virgin of the Rocks” Depicting Mary, Jesus’ mother, this painting shows the influence of Renaissance humanism in portraying a realistic form, but also takes it a step further to depict human perfection.

Michelangelo “The Sistine Chapel”

http://www.vatican.va/various/cappelle/sistina_vr/

Michelangelo “David”

Michelangelo “Pieta”

Raphael “The School of Athens”

Raphael “The Alba Madonna”

Donatello bronze “David” First unsupported standing work in bronze during the Renaissance period

Medieval Architecture

Renaissance Architecture Filippo Brunelleschi His dome in Florence was considered to be the greatest engineering feat of the time!

Renaissance Writers Began to use the vernacular (vernacular = the native language) instead of Latin Machiavelli, wrote “The Prince”– advised kings on how to rule Within the Machiavellian way of thinking, people questioned the corruption of the government & church

William Shakespeare The best known Renaissance writer was William Shakespeare Stressed ideas of emotions, complexity, individualism Between 1590 and 1613 he wrote 37 plays that are still preformed around the world

The Printing Revolution In 1456, Johann Gutenberg printed the bible using movable metal type on a machine called a Printing Press Printed books became cheap and easier to produce Now, readers gained access to broad range of knowledge (Medicine to Religion) The printing press would greatly contribute to the Reformation of the church.

Reading: The Importance of Moveable Type You are now going to read a handout on Gutenberg and his accomplishment of Moveable type. As we read, follow along and be ready to discuss the four questions.

Renaissance Values Humanism Individualism Skepticism Well-Roundedness As you know, the Renaissance was a “rebirth” of new ideas and values. Today, you are going to focus on these new values by completing a graffiti board. This strategy will challenge you to learn about one value and represent it in a creative/visual way. Humanism Individualism Skepticism Well-Roundedness Secularism Classicism

GRAFFITI BOARD All students will be broken up into six groups and given a specific value to focus on. You will take all your knowledge of that value and transfer it onto the graffiti board. On the graffiti board you should write facts, draw pictures, sketch important concepts or reiterate ideas about your value. Do NOT just copy information from the handout. It is your blank canvas, do whatever you like. It should be a free expression of your knowledge. BE CREATIVE! Everyone must contribute! After your graffiti board is finished, you will present it to the class. Make sure you are knowledgeable on your value – you are teaching it!