Chapter 5 Section 1 Heat Transfer pgs. 154-159 Benchmark: SC.6.E.7.1
Vocabulary atmosphere hydrosphere weather temperature thermal energy thermometer heat convection conduction convection currents
How is Earth a System? Earth is a system made up of different parts Two of these parts are: atmosphere- envelope of gases that surrounds the planet hydrosphere- made up of all the water on Earth the atmosphere and hydrosphere are constantly interacting weather is the condition of the Earth’s atmosphere at a particular time and place as interactions between parts of the Earth system change, so does the weather.
How can an iceberg have more heat than a burning match? BrainPop! Heat… How can an iceberg have more heat than a burning match? https://www.brainpop.com/science/energy/heat/
What is heat really?? It is important to understand that there is no such thing as cold! "Hot" and “Cold" are words that DESCRIBE the amount of heat. If I give you heat energy you would be "hot". If I take away your heat energy you could be described as "cold". I cannot give you cold. I can only give and take HEAT.
Discovery Ed heat demonstration https://app.discoveryeducation.c om/learn/videos/E45E9DFA- 8C07-42BA-AA44-438D7AB2506F
What is temperature? All substances are made up of tiny particles (atoms and molecules) that are constantly moving. Temperature measures the average energy of motion of the particles. How do you know when you have a fever?
Challenge Questions: 1. You take a temperature reading in the kitchen. If you opened the refrigerator door and left it open, what would happen to the temperature in the kitchen? 2. You reach for a nice cold can of soda. Why does your hand feel cold in a few minutes? 3. You have a warm slice of apple pie. You start talking and forget about it. A while later you go to eat it. Why did it get cold?
How is temperature measured? By using a thermometer to measure the movement of heat. We can compare Celsius to Fahrenheit…Both show boiling & freezing.
Thermal energy… The faster the particles move, the more energy they have. Thermal energy measures the total energy of motion in the particles of a substance.
How is Heat Transferred? Remember: Heat is thermal energy that is transferred from a hotter object to a cooler one. Heat is transferred in 3 ways:
Convection The flow of heat through liquids or gases (fluids). This only occurs in air & H2O Occurs where warm air rises (less dense) & cooler air sinks (more dense). https://youtu.be/7xWWowXtuvA
Conduction The transfer of heat between two substances that are in direct contact. When a fast moving molecule bumps into a slower moving molecule, the faster one transfers some of its energy to the slower one. The closer together the molecules are in a substance, the better they conduct heat
Apply it! Q: You are to touch a hot skillet . A: heat energy would travel FROM the skillet TO your hand. Q: If you hold a snowball in your hand why does it feels cold? A: the heat is leaving FROM your body and going TO the snow. Q: You come into science class and the chair is cold. A: Heat flows from hot to cold until the temperatures (speed of the particles) are the same. Eventually the chair will feel warm. This means you are not needing to pass heat to the chair anymore. You and the chair are the same temperature.
Radiation The heat that you are feeling form the sun. An electromagnetic wave at the speed of light
https://www.youtube.com/watch ?v=2JZciWtK6vc YouTube Energy Review https://www.youtube.com/watch ?v=2JZciWtK6vc
Heating the Troposphere The troposphere is the lowest layer in Earth’s atmosphere. Radiation, conduction, and convection work together to heat the troposphere. The upward movement of warm air and the downward movement of cool air form convection currents. Heat is transferred mostly by convection within the troposphere.