Travel Trade Industry

Tourism as a Transformation Agent 1 billion tourists in 2012* When people visit other cultures they affect… The surrounding environment The community’s culture The quality of life of people in the area Q: Is the juice worth the squeeze? Tourism as a Transformation Agent

Travel Trade Industry Travel Agencies Tour Operators Tour Guides

Travel Trade Industry Overview Airline Tickets Traveler Train Tickets Cruise Tickets  Tourist Hotel Stays  Trvl Agency Resort Stays  Passenger Tour Guides  Trvl Mngt Co Restaurant Reservations  Guest Travel Insurance Documentation Assistance  Customer Travel Advice

Travel Agencies Act as intermediaries or brokers, “middlemen” They arrange tours or components of it They earn money by getting commissions from suppliers such as hotels, F&B establishments, transport companies, and tour operators They earn additionally from revenues from principals and customers Travel Agencies

History Thomas Cook, the father of travel agencies, helped 540 campaigners in 1841 travel from Leicaster to Loughborough for 1 schilling for train fare and food Developed the packaged tour – inclusive of room and board with Midland Railway Popularized big tour groups and international tours by the 1860s

Types of Travel Agencies Europe United States Independents Miniples Multiples Independent Travel Agencies Consortiums Mega Travel Agencies Types of Travel Agencies

Advantages of acquiring the services of a Travel Agency CRS (Computerize Reservation Systems) such as Galileo, amadeus, Abacus, Patheo, SABRE GDS for Hospitality FamTour (familiarization tour) aka Field Trip Company/ Destination information Strategic alliances and convenience

PTAA VISION To be the leading and most respected travel and tourism association of choice. PTAA MISSION To upgrade and professionalize the members of the travel & tourism industry. To act as the voice of the Philippine travel industry in all local and global concerns.  

Locally, PTAA represents the travel/tour agency sector in: 1. Air Safety Foundation (ASF)  2. Philippine Chamber of Commerce and Industry (PCCI) 3. Hotel & Tourism Institute of the Philippines (HTIP) 4. Tourism Industry Board Foundation Inc. (TIBFI) 5. Federation of Philippine Industries Inc. (FPII) 6. Pacific Asia Travel Association (PATA) - Phil. Chapter 7. National Tourism Council Board (NTCB) 8. Federation of Tourism Industries in the Philippines 

Benefits TAs get from joining the PTAA Proper PTAA accreditation through the issuance of a PTAA membership certificate, sticker and Ids which are issued annually. Participation in all industry events/ activities in which the association is involved. Accreditation with BID, DFA, Embassies and other government agencies. Participation in educational and other professional development programs, both sponsored by the Association and/ or co-sponsored with the companies. Regular access to updated information on relevant industry issues, events and matters of general interest through memo circulars and the PTAA Record Locator, the association’s official publication. Marketing exposures/ promotions inbound and outbound / referrals of prospective clients/ business contracts through the Membership Directory published on an annual basis. Social Fellowship, networking opportunities local and international.. Participation in the ASEAN Tourism Forum- Travel Exchange (ATF-Travex) Participation to familiarization tour organize by the Association.

Types of Travelers served by TAs Businessmen ( - ) Leisure Travelers ( + ) International Travelers ( + )

Tour Operators Wholesaler of tours Sells to TAs/ TMCs the tours that they create So technically a TA is a middleman’s middleman; if you want to get cheaper tours, deal with a TO; TO > TA International TOAs ETOA, USTOA, AITO, PhilTOA

Travel Trade Industry Overview Airline Tickets Traveler Train Tickets Cruise Tickets  Tourist Hotel Stays  Trvl Agency Resort Stays  Tour Optr  Passenger Tour Guides  Trvl Mngt Co Restaurant Reservations  Guest Travel Insurance Documentation Assistance  Customer Travel Advice

Biggest Tour Expo is the ITB in Berlin, Germany every March In the Philippines, biggest is PhilTOA’s Phil. Travel Mart Tourism Expos

Tour Guides Local guides who are experts in immersing visitors in the complete cultural experience Knows everything about food, art, history, language, protocol, do’s and don’t’s, etc. There are museum guides, eco-guides, walking tour guides, food guides, etc. DoT has launched Mabuhay Guides Experts in the field of international protocol, knows multiple languages, can manage first aid treatment, etc.

Principles of Tourism (Part 1) Finals Coverage Principles of Tourism (Part 1)

We have already covered… History of Tourism and Evolution of Transportation General Overview of Air, Land and Water Transport Now we will have a basic insight into how the tourist “thinks”

ABRAHAM MASLOW’s HEIRARCHY OF NEEDS Physiological – the needs of the human body Safety – assurance of mental, emotional and physical security Belongingness – the human desire to be wanted and loved Esteem – individual’s desire to be recognized and respected Self Actualization – the realization of a goal or dream

The Gradient of Tourists Psychocentric Midcentric Allocentric STANLEY PLOG’s MODEL The Gradient of Tourists Psychocentric Midcentric Allocentric

Psychocentrics Non-adventurous Prefer familiar travel Non-risk takers Passive type of travelers

Midcentrics Personality is in-between psychoCs and alloCs Most tourists belong in this category A combination of characteristics

Allocentrics Tries new products and experiences Adventurous Prefer the off-the-beaten track Self-confident and self-aware

ERIC COHEN’s MODEL Organized Mass Tourist Individual Mass Tourist Explorer Drifter

ORGANIZED MASS TOURIST INDIVIDUAL MASS TOURIST Packaged tours by company Prefers familiar environments Major arrangements made by travel intermediaries Tourists have control over their itinerary and time Remains in the environmental bubble of their own country

Usually plans their own trip Explorer Drifter Usually plans their own trip Avoids developed and popular tourist attractions Mixes with the locals but still prefers a little security blanket Usually plans their own trip Avoids touristy locations and prefers where the locals hang out Takes a total immersion into the host culture: their food, art, history, language, habits and lifestyle, etc.

PHILIP PEARCE’s TRAVELERS CATEGORY Tourist Traveler Holidaymaker Jetsetter Businessman Migrant Religious Pilgrim Missionary Overseas Exchange – Student Conservationist Anthropologist Hippie International Athlete Overseas Journalist

TOURISTIC ATTITUDES Adventure seekers Mainstream tourists - Educational Tours - Family Excursions - Corporate Excursions - Vacations with family, friends or groups Extreme tourists

FACTORS AFFECTING TOURIST MOTIVATIONS Age Family Lifecycle Gender Nationality and Identity Work / Profession Social Class and Income brackets

THE THING WE MUST REMEMBER IN HOSPITALITY AND TOURISM MANAGEMENT IS TO ALWAYS HAVE EMPATHY noun The feeling that you understand and share another person’s experiences and emotions; the ability to share someone else’s feelings e.g. pakikipagkapwa, pakikidalamhati, pakikiisa, pakikisama