Cell Communication

Cell Communication Communication between living cells Allows for cells to work together for certain functions All cells rely on cell-to-cell communication

Cell Communication 3 Steps: Reception Transduction Response Proteins that receive signal from molecule outside cell Transduction Amplifying signal for a response Response Result of the signal

Cell Communication Signaling Two main types of signaling: Local signaling = through direct contact allowing signaling molecules to pass to other cell Cell-to-cell communication Long distance signaling = specialized cells release hormones and send them to other parts of body

Cells and Their Signaling Skin cells = local signaling Ex. if one cells injured, surrounding cells receive signal and send signals to seal injuries

Cells and Their Signaling Neurons (nerve cells) = local signaling Nervous system Receive sensory input from internal and external environments, integrate the input, and respond to the stimulus

Cells and Their Signaling All cells secrete hormonal message to other cells (long distance) Hormones = chemical messengers that circulate in blood

Some Hormones Growth Hormone (pituitary gland) = stimulates growth and cell reproduction

Some Hormones Oxytocin (pituitary gland) = releases breast milk and part of mother-child bond

Some Hormones Insulin (pancreas) = regulating blood sugar levels

Some Hormones Estrogen (ovary) = female sex characteristics Testosterone (testes) = male sex characteristics