What is the difference between weathering, erosion, and deposition? Erosion is picking up and carrying sediment, deposition is dropping the sediment off somewhere new Sedimentary Review

What is the difference between clastic and chemical sedimentary rocks? Clastic are made of sediments from other preexisting rocks, chemical combine rocks due to water (dissolved sediments left behind) Sedimentary Review

Sedimentary Review What is compaction? Sediments are pressed together due to the weight of them being on top of each other Sedimentary Review

Name some special features that sedimentary rocks can have that help show where they came from, or what was going on when they formed? Strata (layers), fossils, ripple marks Sedimentary Review

Metamorphic

Metamorphism Metamorphism- Transformation (Butterflies) Parent Rock- What you started out with before metamorphism Most geologic metamorphism occurs between the upper mantle, and a few kilometers below the surface All because it requires a lot of heat and pressure Metamorphism

Contact- Magma gets close enough to local areas of rocks to heat them up and alter them. Typically small changes Marble from Limestone Regional- Occurs over large areas of the Earth’s crust. Mountain building and other tectonic movements. Very high pressure and heat making major changes Types of Metamorphism

Agents of Metamorphism Heat- Most important because it drives chemical reactions and softens the rock to allow it to recrystallize. The temperature needed to change it all depends on what the rock is made of. As you move down, temperature tends to increase 20-30 Celsius per kilometer Crystals become unstable at temperatures higher than they were formed at Agents of Metamorphism

Agents of Metamorphism Pressure Confining pressure- due to burial, pressure is equal from all sides. Increases with depth. Makes rocks more compact and dense Directed pressure- more pressure from one way than others. Mountain building, creates folds in the rock Agents of Metamorphism

Agents of Metamorphism Fluid Hydrothermal- Hot water dissolves minerals and encourages recrystallization by taking away old ones and adding new minerals Often means it’s a change in the overall composition of the rock Agents of Metamorphism

Foliated Has a layered appearance Classification

Non-Foliated Has no layered appearance Classification

Metamorphic Lab For each rock- Something unique about the rock Foliated or non-foliated Is there evidence of the parent rock? (can you tell the parts it’s made of?) Metamorphic Lab