3.03 REMEMBER THE STRUCTURES OF THE SENSORY SYSTEM EYE

What are the structures of the sensory system - Eye? ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS What are the structures of the sensory system - Eye? 3.03 Remember the structures of the sensory system

3.03 Remember the structures of the sensory system THE SENSES Eyes Sight Ears Hearing Nose Smell Tongue Taste Skin Touch 3.03 Remember the structures of the sensory system

3.03 Remember the structures of the sensory system EYES 3.03 Remember the structures of the sensory system

3.03 Remember the structures of the sensory system STRUCTURES OF THE EYES External structures Orbit Eyelids Eyelashes Conjunctiva Lacrimal apparatus Extrinsic muscles 3.03 Remember the structures of the sensory system

STRUCTURES OF THE EYES External structures - another diagram

3.03 Remember the structures of the sensory system STRUCTURES OF EYES Extrinsic muscles 3.03 Remember the structures of the sensory system

3.03 Remember the structures of the sensory system EYES Internal structures 3.03 Remember the structures of the sensory system

EYE TRIVIA Which famous screen actress was noted for her stunning eyes? Many people thought her irises were violet in color… What gives the iris color? The amount of melanin in iris, more = darker

3.03 Remember the structures of the sensory system STRUCTURES OF THE EYES Internal structures 3.03 Remember the structures of the sensory system

3.03 Remember the structures of the sensory system STRUCTURES OF THE EYES Rods and cones Rods Active in dim light Do not perceive color Cones Active in bright light Perceive color 3.03 Remember the structures of the sensory system

3.03 Remember the structures of the sensory system EYES Name the structures… Review - use digram given in class 3.03 Remember the structures of the sensory system

3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 3.04 Functions of the eye 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 13

3.04 Understand the functions of the eye Essential Questions What are the functions of the eye? How do you relate the body’s communication to the sensory system? 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 14

Understanding the functions of the eye Sight 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 15

Understanding the functions of the eye External eye Orbit: bone socket where the eye sits A rounded out area of the skull blink twice as often as men. Why do we blink? 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 16

Understanding the functions of the eye External eye Eyelids and eyelashes Protective covering for the eye Helps keep the eye from drying out Eyelashes are hairs that catch dust and particles from getting in the eye Women blink twice as often as 17

Understanding the functions of the eye External eye Conjunctiva: Mucous membrane Lines the eyelids and covers the front of the eye to provide additional protection and lubrication 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 18

Understanding the functions of the eye External eye Lacrimal apparatus: Glands of the eye that produce tears They constantly moisten and cleanse the eye Tears flow across the eye and drain through the nasolacrimal duct into the nasal cavity 19

Understanding the functions of the eye External eye Extrinsic muscles: Muscles attached to the eyeball and move the eyeball in all directions Superior rectus are straight muscles; attach to the top of eyeball; allows you to look up 20

Understanding the functions of the eye External eye Extrinsic muscles Which extrinsic muscle allows you to look upward? Superior rectus 21

Understanding the functions of the eye Internal eye Cornea: circular, transparent part of the front of the sclera. Allows light rays to enter the eye Referred to as the window of the eye 22

Understanding the functions of the eye Internal eye: Iris: Colored portion of the eye Located behind the cornea on the front of the choroid coat 23

Understanding the functions of the eye Internal eye Pupil: Opening that is located in the middle of the iris that has two muscles. One muscle is makes the pupil smaller in bright light One muscle makes it bigger for dim light 24

Understanding the functions of the eye Internal eye Ciliary body: Part of the eye that connects the iris for the choroid which is the inside layer of the eyeball 25

Understanding the functions of the eye Internal eye Lens: Circular structure located behind the pupil Suspended in position by ligaments Refracts (bends) light rays so the rays focus on the retina 26

Understanding the functions of the eye Internal eye Aqueous humor: Clear watery fluid that fills the space between the cornea and iris Helps maintain the forward curvature of the eyeball and refracts light rays 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 27

Understanding the functions of the eye Internal eye Sclera: Outermost layer of the eyeball Tough connective tissue White of the eye Helps maintain shape of eye 28

Understanding the functions of the eye Internal eye Choroid: Middle coat of the eyeball Interfaced with blood vessels that nourish the eye 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 29

Understanding the functions of the eye Internal eye Retina: Innermost layer of eye Made of many nerve cells that transmit the light impulses to the optic nerve 30

Understanding the functions of the eye Internal eye Vitreous humor: Jellylike substance that fills the area behind the lens Helps maintain the shape of the eyeball and also refracts light rays 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 31

Understanding the functions of the eye What is the macula? Region of greatest visual acuity

Understanding the functions of the eye Process of Seeing Trace the field of vision. Eye Cornea Pupil Lens (where light rays are refracted) Retina Rods and cones (pick up stimulus Optic nerve 33

Understanding the functions of the eye Process of Seeing Is there anything strange about this picture? Explain Why can you not see in the dark? No objects are reflecting light

Understanding the functions of the eye Vision What happens as you move your paper away from and toward to your eye? 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 35

Rods and cones of the retina Understanding the functions of the eye Rods and cones of the retina What are functions of rods and cones? Rods Active in dim light Do not perceive color Cones Active in bright light Perceive color 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 36

3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system Check your knowledge! 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 37

3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system Vision Activity Do you see what I see? 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 38

Disorders of the eye Presbyopia Astigmatism Glaucoma Detached retina Diabetic retinopathy Detached retina Color blindness Hyperopia Cataract Conjunctivitis Myopia Have you heard of these conditions? What do you know about them? 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 39

Disorders of the eye: Cataract Describe this lens. Disorders not done 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 40

Disorders of the eye: Cataract How is a cataract treated? 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 41

Disorders of the eye: Color Blindness Do you see the number? What is color blindness? What causes it? Who is most likely to have color blindness? Ishihara chart 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 42

Disorders of the eye: Conjunctivitis What is conjunctivitis? What are the symptoms? What causes it? How is it treated? How is conjunctivitis spread? How can it be prevented? 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 43

Disorder of the eye: Detached retina Discuss what happens in this process. What is the relevance to health? 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 44

Disorder of the eye: Detached retina Compare this process to the previous picture. What might cause this condition? 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 45

Disorders of the eye: Diabetic retinophathy What causes diabetic retinopathy? What are the symptoms? Explain the impact on vision. 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 46

Disorders of the eye: Glaucoma What are the common symptoms of glaucoma? How is it diagnosed? How is it treated? Tonometry 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 47

Disorders of the eye: Macular degeneration What is macular degeneration? Compare the two types. How is it diagnosed? What is the treatment? 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 48

Disorder of the Eye: Problems with Focus Compare the symptoms and treatments of these common eye disorders. Can a person have more than one of these disorders? Explain. 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 49

What is the difference between an ophthalmologist and an optician? Testing vision How do we test visual acuity? What is 20/20? What does PERRLA mean? What is the difference between an ophthalmologist and an optician? 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 50

3.04 Understand the disorders of the sensory system Essential Questions What are some disorders of the sensory system? How are sensory system disorders treated? How do you relate the body’s communication to the sensory system? 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 51

3.04 Functions and disorders of the eye The End 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 52