Introduction to Power Tools Contren # 00104-09

1.0.0 Introduction to Power Tools In the field of maintenance, Power Tools make our job much easier. Power tools can be very dangerous to the unprepared operator. You must learn to use power tools properly and safely.

2.0.0 Electric, Pneumatic, and Hydraulic Tools Electric Tools – powered by electricity Alternating Current (AC) – wall receptacle Direct Current (DC) – battery Drills, sanders, grinders, etc. Pneumatic Tools – powered by air pressure Air hammers, pneumatic nailers, etc. Hydraulic Tools – powered by fluid pressure Pipe benders, Porta-Powers

Compressed-Air System

2.1.0 Basic Power Tool Safety Understand the tool’s operation before you use it Always disconnect power source before you service the tool or change tooling Do Not remove safety guards or interlocks Do Not activate the trigger lock on any power tool

3.0.0 Power Drills

3.0.0 Power Drills Makes holes by spinning a drill bit into many types of material Most common are powered by electricity Ac or DC Also powered by pneumatics Some machining centers are hydraulic powered

3.1.0 Corded (AC Power) Drills Always use double-insulated drills Plug cord into a Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter outlet Do not insert or remove bits with drill plugged into outlet Do not engage trigger while plugging in Tighten bit in chuck before operating Keyless chucks should be hand-tight Use key to tighten a keyed chuck Clean air vents with a small brush Personal Protective Equipment – Safety Glasses chuck handle trigger power cord

3.2.0 Cordless (DC Power) Drills These are typically used when there is no source of electricity Remove battery pack to insert bits Insert bit and hand-tighten the chuck Install battery, hold chuck while lightly squeezing trigger A few cordless drills have a keyed chuck Remove battery and install bit as with a corded Do not engage trigger while installing battery Personal Protective Equipment – Safety Glasses

3.3.0 Hammer (AC Power) Drills Hammer drills include a pounding action to the rotary motion For drilling concrete, brick, and tile Most have adjustable hammering action Always use double-insulated drills Plug cord into a Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter outlet Do not insert or remove bits with drill plugged into outlet Do not engage trigger while plugging in Personal Protective Equipment – Safety Glasses depth gauge adjustment ring and handle

Drill Press

Drill Press Rules Remove the key from the chuck before turning on the drill press Use C-clamps or other holding fixtures to secure the part to be drilled Use a center punch to indent the part and start the hole Release pressure right before the bit breaks through the bottom of the part Oil the bit as needed

3.4.0 Electromagnetic (AC Power) Drills handle for drill feed Portable drill press for precision drilling Magnetic base to keep drill stationary while drilling Always use double-insulated drills Plug cord into a Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter outlet Do not insert or remove bits with drill plugged into outlet Do not engage trigger while plugging in Personal Protective Equipment – Safety Glasses drill motor controls drill bit/ chuck magnetic lock

3.5.0 Pneumatic (Air Power) Drills Used air pressure to spin the bits Do not insert or remove bits with air hose connected Do not engage trigger while plugging in air hose Keyless chucks should be hand-tight Use key to tighten a keyed chuck Personal Protective Equipment – Safety Glasses keyless chuck keyed chuck

3.6.0 Types of Drill Bits masonry bit has carbide inset on tip for drilling in concrete, stone, slate, ceramic core bit for drilling plugs in concrete, stone, slate, ceramic twist bit (jobber bit) for metal and other hard materials auger (bit) for drilling in wood and other soft materials spade bit for drilling in wood and other soft materials forstner bit for drilling in wood and other soft materials

Drill Bit

4.0.0 Power Saws

4.0.0 Powered Saws Saws are designed for cutting of material Use the proper saw for the job Use the proper blade for the material For any powered saw, be sure the switch is in the OFF position before connection to power source. Personal Protective Equipment Safety Glasses

4.1.0 Circular Saw Sizes by the diameter of the circular blade Use both hands to operate Unplug power before adjusting or changing blades Be sure guards are in place before using The upper guard protects you from touching the blade

4.2.0 Saber Saw (Jig Saw) Uses fine blades for intricate cutting Personal Protective Equipment – Safety Glasses

4.3.0 Reciprocating Saw Uses a heavier blade Can make straight or curved cuts Use both hands to operate Personal Protective Equipment – Safety Glasses

4.4.0 Portable Handheld Bandsaw Uses a continuous band with teeth Stretched between two wheels (drums) Use both hands to operate Personal Protective Equipment – Safety Glasses

4.5.0 Power Miter Saw A circular saw with a miter box Used to cut precise angles in wood and soft material Personal Protective Equipment – Safety Glasses

5.0.0 Grinders and Sanders

5.0.0 Grinders and Sanders Uses a variety of abrasive wheels, brushes, buffs, drums, bits, saws, and discs These abrasives come in different “grits” or degrees of coarseness Used to finish a workpiece by shaping or smoothing the piece. Use both hands to operate Personal Protective Equipment – Safety Glasses

5.1.0 Angle, End, and Detail Grinders end grinder cutoff tool grinds hard, heavy material detail grinder die grinder pencil grinder smooth inside of material, such as pipe angle grinder disc grinder

5.2.0 Bench Grinder Stationary mount on table Always use the tool rest to support your work Adjust to 1/8” gap between wheel and rest Never use a wheel above its rated maximum speed Personal Protective Equipment Safety Glasses No gloves or loose clothing

5.3.0 Portable Belt Sander Uses a continuous abrasive belt Stretched between two wheels (drums) Use both hands to operate Personal Protective Equipment – Safety Glasses

5.4.0 Finishing Sander Uses circular sanding paper pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA) or hook-and-loop (velcro) disc for final very smooth finishing

6.0.0 Power Fastening Tools

6.1.0 Pneumatic-Powered Nailer Uses strips of nails or staples nails brads staples

6.1.2 Pneumatic-Powered Nailer Safety and Maintenance Always wear PPE Never aim gun toward you or anyone else Read the operating manual before first use Keep nailer oiled according to manufacturer 2 or 3 drops of oil in the air inlet Use correct nailer for the job Never load nailer with hose attached Never leave hose attached when not in use Never attempt repairs with hose attached Be sure you know what is in the path of fire

6.2.0 (AC Power) Screwdrivers adjustable depth control bits slide into magnetic chuck Always use double-insulated screwdrivers Plug cord into a Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter outlet Do not insert or remove bits with driver plugged into outlet Do not engage trigger while plugging in Personal Protective Equipment – Safety Glasses

6.3.0 Powder-Actuated Fastening Systems Uses gunpowder cartridges called boosters This is the same as a low-velocity firearm Do not use until you are certified Do not load until ready to fire Personal Protective Equipment Ear Protection Safety Goggles Hard Hat fastener 27-caliber RamSet booster strip booster

6.4.0 Air Wrenches An air-operated tool for loosening and tightening nuts and bolts Due to the available torque of these wrenches, keep your body stance balanced when using air impact air ratchet

7.0.0 Reciprocating Demolition Tools

7.1.0 Reciprocating Demolition Tools “jackhammer”, the common name is actually a trade name Bit moves back and forth rapidly clay spade shank chisel shanks pavement breakers rock drills

8.0.0 Hydraulic Lifting Tools

8.0.0 Hydraulic Lifting Tools service jack floor jack toe jack bottle jack