Challenge #1 Parts of the Microscope Microscope Basics Challenge #1 Parts of the Microscope T. Trimpe 2008 http://sciencespot.net/

Identify the parts of a microscope. Arm Body Tube Coarse Adjustment Diaphragm Fine Adjustment Objective Lenses Ocular Lens Stage A E B F G C H

D A E B F G C H The answers are ... A. Body Tube B. Objective Lenses C. Diaphragm D. Ocular Lens E. Arm F. Stage G. Coarse Adjustment H. Fine Adjustment

Challenge #2 Parts of the Microscope Microscope Basics Challenge #2 Parts of the Microscope T. Trimpe 2008 http://sciencespot.net/

Label the parts of the microscope using the words provided. Ocular Lens Diaphragm Objectives Nosepiece Fine Adjustment Knob Coarse Adjustment Knob A B C D E F D A B E C F

Coarse Adjustment Knob The answers are … Ocular Lens A B C D E F Nosepiece Objectives Coarse Adjustment Knob Diaphragm Fine Adjustment Knob

Powers of Magnification Microscope Basics Powers of Magnification T. Trimpe 2008 http://sciencespot.net/

Power of Magnification Fill in the missing information in the chart based on your knowledge of powers of magnification. Ocular Lens Objective Lens Power of Magnification 5 20 10 400 120 A B C

Power of Magnification The answers are … Ocular Lens Objective Lens Power of Magnification 5 20 10 400 120 X = 100 A B 40 C 12

Challenge #3 What do you know about microscopes? Microscope Basics Challenge #3 What do you know about microscopes? T. Trimpe 2008 http://sciencespot.net/

The answers are … 1. If you have three objectives – 10X, 30X, and 40X, which one has the lowest power of magnification? 2. Which of these images would be taken with a high power objective? 3. How does your view of a specimen change as you increase your power of magnification? 10X HIGH POWER You are able to see the specimen in more detail, but you cannot see as much of it.

Challenge #5 What do you know about microscopes? Microscope Basics Challenge #5 What do you know about microscopes? T. Trimpe 2008 http://sciencespot.net/

Answer each question about microscopes. What part regulates the amount of light on a specimen? 2. If the eyepiece has a power of 12X and the objective has a power of 10X, what is the power of magnification? 3. What part of the microscope holds the objective lenses? 4. What part allows you to make small changes in your view of a specimen?

The answers are … What part regulates the amount of light on a specimen? 2. If the eyepiece has a power of 12X and the objective has a power of 10X, what is the power of magnification? 3. What part of the microscope holds the objective lenses? 4. What part allows you to make small changes in your view of a specimen? Diaphragm 12X x 10X = 120X Nosepiece Fine adjustment knob

What do you know about microscopes? Microscope Basics What do you know about microscopes? T. Trimpe 2008 http://sciencespot.net/

Answer these questions based on your knowledge of microscopes. 1. Where should you hold on to the microscope when you carry it? 2. What is the scientific term for the eyepiece? 3. If the ocular lens has a power of 4X and the objective you are using has a power of 10X, what is your power of magnification? 4. What is the function of the diaphragm?

It regulates the amount of light that passes through the specimen. The answers are … 1. Where should you hold on to the microscope when you carry it? 2. What is the scientific term for the eyepiece? 3. If the ocular lens has a power of 4X and the objective you are using has a power of 10X, what is your power of magnification? 4. What is the function of the diaphragm? Arm & Base Ocular Lens 4X x 10X = 40X It regulates the amount of light that passes through the specimen.

Crime 360: Scanning Electron Microscope Daily CSI Micro Evidence Crime 360: Scanning Electron Microscope

Watch the video and then answer the questions. 1. Where was the metal fragment found? A. On a shirt B. On a shoe C. On a pair of pants 2. Fill in the missing information in this statement: The scanning electron microscope can ____________ a very small sample and determine what materials make it up. 3. How does the special microscope work? A. It creates an image with a beam of electrons. B. It creates an image using lights and mirrors. C. It creates an image by taking a digital image and enlarging it. 4. What type of metal was the fragment? A. Lead B. Aluminum C. Steel

The answers are … magnify 1. Where was the metal fragment found? A. On a shirt B. On a shoe C. On a pair of pants 2. Fill in the missing information in this statement: The scanning electron microscope can ______________________ a very small sample and determine what materials make it up. 3. How does the special microscope work? A. It creates an image with a beam of electrons. B. It creates an image using lights and mirrors. C. It creates an image by taking a digital image and enlarging it. 4. What type of metal was the fragment? A. Lead B. Aluminum C. Steel magnify

Microscope Basics

Comparison Microscope

Scanning Electron Microscope

Scanning Electron Microscope Scanning Electron Microscope Images scanning electron microscope top 10 bugs

Compound Light Microscope

Introduction to the Microscope Care Parts Focusing Students will have their microscopes out, for reference as we go through each of the steps. As an introduction, students will be asked what kinds of things they can do with this tool.

Microscope Care Make sure all backpacks and other items are out of the isles Always carry with 2 hands by holding the arm and the base. Only use lens paper for cleaning Do not force knobs Always store covered Teacher demonstrates how to hold the microscope, where the lens paper is located and how to use it. Students will be invited to turn the knobs and observe the stage as it moves up and down. Teacher will demonstrate how to store the microscope.

General Procedures Always start and end with low power. Never remove a slide when the high power objective lens is in place - it will scratch the lens! Always wrap the cord before putting the microscope up. Always cover the microscope if a cover is available.

Microscope Parts and Functions

Structure and Function of the Microscope

Ocular lens (Eyepiece) Body Tube Nosepiece Arm Objectives Stage Stage Clips Coarse Adjustment Diaphragm Fine Adjustment Light Always carry a microscope with one hand holding the arm and one hand under the base. Base

Parts of the Microscope   Parts of the Microscope

Total Magnification Focusing Field of View Depth of Field

Fill in the table on your worksheet. What’s my power? To calculate the power of magnification, multiply the power of the ocular lens by the power of the objective. What are the powers of magnification for each of the objectives we have on our microscopes? Fill in the table on your worksheet.

Total Magnification

What happens as the power of magnification increases? Power = 10 x 4 = 40 Power = 10 x 10 = 100 Power = 10 x 40 = 400

Comparing Powers of Magnification We can see better details with higher the powers of magnification, but we cannot see as much of the image. Which of these images would be viewed at a higher power of magnification?

Focusing your specimen Field of View Depth of Field

Using the Microscope Place the Slide on the Microscope Use Stage Clips Click Nosepiece to the lowest (shortest) setting Look into the Eyepiece Use the Coarse Focus first Give students a slide from the “common things” set, each student will practice focusing and changing objectives.

Focusing Specimens

Field of View

Field of View http://www.microscope-microscope.org/advanced/magnification-2.htm What happens to the field of view as the magnification increases? Make sure you sketches reflect this.

Depth of Focus

Depth of Focus

Sketching your Specimen

Drawing Specimens Use a pencil – you can erase and shade areas. (I will allow you to use a small amount of color from colored pencils to help you for your practical. Drawings should be labeled with specimen name, magnification, and some sort of special notation that will help you remember the slide to study for your practical. The circle indicates the viewing field. If your specimen takes up the whole viewing field, make sure your drawing reflects that.

Show detail in your sketches!

Show details in your sketching!

Sketch your specimens clearly and accurately! http://www.microscope-microscope.org/microscope-applications.htm

Let’s give it a try ... 1 – Turn on the microscope and then rotate the nosepiece to click the red-banded objective into place. 2 – Place a slide on the stage and secure it using the stage clips. Use the coarse adjustment knob (large knob) to get it the image into view and then use the fine adjustment knob (small knob) to make it clearer. 3 – Once you have the image in view, rotate the nosepiece to view it under different powers. Draw what you see on your worksheet! Be careful with the largest objective! Sometimes there is not enough room and you will not be able to use it! 4 – When you are done, turn off the microscope and put up the slides you used.

Instructions – Specimens must be in order – 1-20 respectively! Number First!! Slide diagrams MUST be sketched in at least 100x magnification. You may sketch in 400X magnification. Total magnification should be recorded on specimen sheet. No slide diagrams may be sketched in 40X! You must write some type of descriptive notation that will help you be able to recognize this specimen with the name covered up. You will have a lab practical. Sketch with neatness and accuracy. Give me YOUR best.

Forensic Slides Instructions – Specimens must be in order – 1-20 respectively! Number First!! Slide diagrams MUST be sketched in at least 100x magnification. You may sketch in 400X magnification. No slide diagrams may be sketched in 40X! You must write some type of descriptive notation that will help you be able to recognize this specimen with the name covered up. You will have a lab practical. Give me YOUR best. Deer hair * slightly broken – be careful Frog Blood Smear Cellulose Paper Fiber Wooly Mammoth Hair Mouse Hair Germinating Pollen Mixed Pollen Sand Human blood Salt Crystals Cat Hair Sawdust Gunshot Residue DNA in Animal Cells Lilium Pollen Common Dust Fiber comparison – bloodstained Dandruff Iron Rust Volcanic Dust

You do not need to use the stage clips when viewing wet-mount slides! How to make a wet-mount slide … 1 – Get a clean slide and coverslip from your teacher. 2 – Place ONE drop of water in the middle of the slide. Don’t use too much or the water will run off the edge and make a mess! 3 – Place the edge of the cover slip on one side of the water drop. 4 - Slowly lower the cover slip on top of the drop. Cover Slip Lower slowly You do not need to use the stage clips when viewing wet-mount slides! 5 – Place the slide on the stage and view it first with the red-banded objective. Once you see the image, you can rotate the nosepiece to view the slide with the different objectives.