Ìfeliz dÍa del pretÉrito! 

PAST TENSE IN SPANISH THERE ARE TWO PAST TENSES IN SPANISH: PRETERITE AND IMPERFECT EACH HAS SPECIFIC REASONS WHEN IT MUST BE USED.

Preterite IS A TENSE USED TO DESCRIBE COMPLETED ACTIONS IN THE PAST.

Yo hablo español. Present Tense I am speaking Spanish. I speak Spanish. I do speak Spanish. Yo hablo español.

Yo hablé español. Preterite Tense I did speak Spanish. I spoke Spanish. Yo hablé español.

PRETERITE Ex. She visited Spain last year. Ella visitó España el año pasado. Ex. Did you(inf.) write the letter? Escribiste la carta, tú?

Regular Preterite Verb Endings

Regular preterite endings -AR verbs hablé hablamos hablaste habló hablaron

Regular preterite endings -ER verbs aprend í aprendimos aprendiste aprendió aprendieron

Regular preterite endings -IR verbs viví vivimos viviste vivió vivieron

Typical Phrases most often associated with the Preterite Tense.

Phrases typically associated with preterite: el __________ pasado = last _______________ (day of week, year= año) 2. ayer= yesterday 3. una vez = one time/once 4. la semana pasada= last week 5. anoche = last night 6. hace ____ día(s) (año(s), semana(s), mes(es)=______ days, years, weeks, months ago

PRETERITE USED WITH REFLEXIVES: A Reflexive verb is used to show the action a subject does for oneself. Ex. I take a bath today. Yo me baño hoy.. 2. Reflexives exist in Preterite Tense as well. ex. I bathed yesterday. Yo me baño ayer. 3. If you use a Reflexive Verb, do not forget you need a Reflexive Pronoun in a Spanish sentence to show the subject doing the action for themselves. Reflexive Pronouns=me-myself, te=yourself(inf.), se=him/her/your(Ud.)self, nos=ourselves, se=themselves They are placed BEFORE a conjugated verb and attached to the Infinitive. Ex. Yo me baño. Ex. Yo voy a bañarme.

SPELL CHANGE 1---PRETERITE VERBS

Irregular preterite verbs SPELL CHANGE VERBS 1 The following verbs have a spell change when conjugated into the Preterite tense: llegar=to arrive jugar=to play (sports) tocar=to play (an instrument) buscar=to look for almorzar=to have lunch comenzar=to begin empezar=to begin

Pay attention to the verb endings: llegar-to arrive jugar*-to play (sports) buscar- to look for tocar- to play (instrument) almorzar- to eat lunch empezar*- to begin comenzar*- to begin IMPORTANT: Stem-Changers do NOT stem change in the Preterite tense!

SPELL CHANGE PRETERITE 1 COPY INTO NOTEBOOK: llegar= to arrive llegué, llegaste, llegó, llegamos, llegaron jugar= to play sports jugué, jugaste, jugó, jugamos, jugaron buscar= to look for busqué, buscaste, buscó, buscamos, buscaron tocar= to play (inst.) toqué, tocaste, tocó, tocamos, tocaron almorzar= to have lunch almorcé, almorzaste, almorzó, almorzamos, almorzaron

SPELL CHANGE preterite verbs 1 (CONT.) empezar= to begin empecé, empezaste, empezó, empezamos, empezaron comenzar= to begin comencé, comenzaste, comenzó, comenzamos, comenzaron almorzar=to eat lunch almorcé, almorzaste, almorzó, almorzamos, almorzaron YOU ARE ONLY RESPONSIBLE TO LEARN THE MEANINGS AND CONJUGATIONS OF THE VERBS GIVEN IN CLASS!

SPELL CHANGE PRETERITE 2

Irregular preterite verbs SPELL CHANGE VERBS 2 The following verbs have a spell change in the third and fifth subjects when conjugated into the Preterite tense: dormir=to sleep sentir=to feel pedir=to ask for

SPELL CHANGE PRETERITE 2 COPY INTO NOTEBOOK: dormir=to sleep dormí , dormiste, durmió, dormimos, durmieron sentir= to feel sentí, sentiste, sintió, sentimos, sintieron pedir=to ask for pedí, pediste, pidió, pedimos, pidieron

REGULAR, SPELL CHANGE PRETERITE 1 Y 2 TAREA: WRITE THE FOLLOWING IN YOUR NOTEBOOK THEN WRITE IN SPANISH: I began to do my homework last week. When did she play soccer with Mateo? Yesterday or last year? I arrived very late to school last Tuesday. You (Ud.) listened to Marcos in class but I slept. I ate lunch with the smart (teen) boys yesterday at noon. Melissa asked for the homework in class. Did I watch television yesterday or did I begin the lesson? Five years ago, she lived in California. Last year, she lived in Pittsburgh. One time, I took pictures of the pretty flowers. Why did you (tú) talk to Joseph? Did he learn the new verbs for Spanish class?

REGULAR, SPELL CHANGE PRETERITE 1 Y 2 and Y VERBS Practica!: WRITE THE FOLLOWING IN YOUR NOTEBOOK THEN WRITE IN SPANISH: I began to do my homework last week. When did she play soccer with Mateo? Yesterday or last year? I arrived very late to school last Tuesday. You (Ud.) believed Marcos, he IS very smart. I ate lunch with the smart (teen) boys yesterday at noon. Melissa asked for the homework in class. Did I watch television yesterday or did I begin the lesson? Five years ago, she lived in California. Last year, she lived in Pittsburgh. One time, he fell in front of his friends. Why did you (tú) talk to Joseph? Did he learn the new verbs for Spanish class?

SPELL CHANGE PRETERITE-”Y” vERBS

IRREGULAR PRETERITE VERBS SPELL CHANGE “Y” VERBS The following verbs have a spell change when conjugated into the Preterite tense:

IRREGULAR PRETERITE “Y” VERBS COPY INTO NOTEBOOK: 1. caer=to fall 2. caerse=to fall down 3. leer=to read 4. creer=to believe

IRREGULAR PRETERITE “Y” VERBS COPY INTO NOTEBOOK: caer=to fall caí caiste cayó caimos cayeron

IRREGULAR PRETERITE “Y” VERBS COPY INTO NOTEBOOK: caerse=to fall down me caí te caiste se cayó nos caimos se cayeron

IRREGULAR PRETERITE “Y” VERBS COPY INTO NOTEBOOK: leer=to read leí leiste leyó leimos leyeron

IRREGULAR PRETERITE “Y” VERBS COPY INTO NOTEBOOK: creer=to believe creí creiste creyó creimos creyeron

IRREGULAR VERBS 1-DAR AND VER

Irregular Verbs dar & ver dar=to give ver=to see di dimos vi vimos diste viste dio dieron vio vieron DAR AND VER DO NOT HAVE ANY ACCENTS!

IRREGULAR PRETERITE VERBS SER & IR

Irregular Preterite verbs- ser & ir ser=to be ir=to go fui fuimos fui fuimos fuiste fuiste fue fueron fue fueron SER AND IR HAVE THE EXACT SAME CONJUGATIONS IN THE PRETERITE TENSE AND NO ACCENTS!

Irregular Preterite ser and ir Read carefully in both English and Spanish when using the Preterite of ser and ir. Ex. Miguel fue un médico y él fue al hospital ayer para trabajar. Miguel was a doctor and went to the hospital yesterday in order to work.

IRREGULAR PRETERITE “J” VERBS

Irregular preterite “J” verbs You are responsible for the following verbs: *traducir=to translate *conducir=to drive *decir=to say/tell *traer=to bring

Irregular preterite “j” verbs: traducir=to translate conducir=to drive traduje tradujimos conduje condujimos tradujiste condujiste tradujo tradujeron condujo condujeron “J” verbs have no accents!

Irregular preterite “j” verbs: decir=to say/tell traer=to bring dije dijimos traje trajimos dijiste trajiste dijo dijeron trajo trajeron “J” verbs have no accents!

PRETERITE PRACTICE: TAREA WRITE THE FOLLOWING IN YOUR NOTEBOOK: We did not tell Matt the answers. When did you-all go to the store? We drove there (allí) last week. I brought the paper for Miguel that he needed for class. We read it(m) three days ago but he read it(m) last night. Did you(Ud.) see it? Did you (inf.) study? Yes, I studied last Friday and I translated all of the verbs.

VERY IRREGULAR PRETERITE VERBS!!! CONJUGATIONS

Very irregular preterite verbs You are responsible to learn the meanings and conjugations of the following: NONE OF THE FOLLOWING HAVE ACCENTS! estar= to be venir-to come estuve estuvimos vine vinimos estuviste viniste estuvo estuvieron vino vinieron

Very irregular preterite verbs You are responsible to learn the meanings and conjugations of the following: NONE OF THE FOLLOWING HAVE ACCENTS! hacer= to make/do tener=to have hice hicimos tuve tuvimos hiciste tuviste hizo hicieron tuvo tuvieron

Very irregular preterite verbs You are responsible to learn the meanings and conjugations of the following: NONE OF THE FOLLOWING HAVE ACCENTS! querer=tried* poder=succeeded/managed to* quise quisimos pude pudimos quisiste pudiste quiso quisieron pudo pudieron *Some verbs change meaning in the Preterite, please make note!

Very irregular preterite verbs You are responsible to learn the meanings and conjugations of the following: NONE OF THE FOLLOWING HAVE ACCENTS! saber= found out* supe supimos supiste supo supieron *Some verbs change meaning in the Preterite, please make note!

Very irregular preterite verbs VERBS THAT CHANGE MEANING IN THE PRETERITE

Preterite-change of meaning verbs Let’s take a step back to go forward!  FLASHBACK Conjugate each of the following into PRESENT TENSE: conocer poder saber querer sentir

Preterite-change of meaning verbs So, each time you used the verb, affirmatively or negatively, in the Present Tense, they would mean: Ex. Yo quiero mucha tarea. I want a lot of homework. Ex. Ella no quiere helado. She doesn’t want ice cream. Ex. Mateo no conoce a Miguel. Ex. Miguel doesn’t know Miguel. Ex. Uds. sienten felices. Ex. You-all feel happy.

Preterite-change of meaning verbs In turn, if you use certain verbs in the PRETERITE TENSE the meaning changes…BE AWARE! Ex. Yo quise la tarea. I tried the homework. Ex. Ella no quiso comer helado. She refused to eat the ice cream. Ex. Mateo conoció a Miguel. Ex. Miguel met Miguel. Ex. Uds. no sintieron viajar a Italia. Ex. You–all regretted traveling to Italy.

Preterite-change of meaning verbs THE BOTTOM LINE: Present Tense Preterite Tense conocer=to know (people) met no conocer=do not know did not meet poder=to be able to/can succeeded/managed to no poder=to not be able/can’t failed querer=to want tried no querer=to not want refused

Preterite-change of meaning verbs THE BOTTOM LINE: Present Tense Preterite Tense saber=to know (facts) found out no saber=do not know did not find out sentir=to feel felt no sentir=to not feel regretted

Preterite-change of meaning verbs For the next test, you must know both the PRESENT Tense AND PRETERITE Tense conjugations AND meanings of all verbs presented today. DO NOT WAIT START STUDYING DAILY!!!

Very Irregular verbs preterite MEANING CHANGE IN THE PRETERITE: MORE EXAMPLES… PRESENT TENSE MEANING PRETERITE TENSE MEANING querer= to want 1) querer=to try poder=can/be able to 2)poder=to succeed saber=to know (facts) 3)saber= to find out Ex. Yo sé la verdad. Ex. Yo supe la verdad. (I know the truth.) (I found out the truth.) Ex. Ella quiere la tarea. Ex. Ella quiso la tarea. (She wants the homework.) (She tried the homework.) Ex. Ellos pueden trabajar. Ex. Ellos pudieron trabajar. (They can work.) (They succeeded at working.)