DNA Sugar & Phosphate Backbone Nucleic Acids in Center.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction.

Advertisements

Meiosis – A Source of Distinction Why do you share some but not all characteristics of each parent? What are the rules of this sharing game? At one level,

Genetics Ms Mahoney MCAS Biology. Central Concepts: Genes allow for the storage and transmission of genetic information. They are a set of instructions.

MUTATIONS pp , 231. MUTATION  A change in a genetic trait  Either 1) chromosomal or 2) gene mutation  Germ cell (gametes) or somatic cell (body)

1. CHROMOSOMES 2 CHROMOSOME NUMBER  All cells in the human body (SOMATIC CELLS) have 46 or 23 pairs of chromosomes  Called the DIPLOID or 2n number.

1. Chromosomes 2 Chromosome Number All cells in the human body (SOMATIC CELLS) have 46 or 23 pairs of chromosomes Called the DIPLOID or 2n number GAMETES.

Meiosis – A Source of Distinction Why do you share some but not all characters of each parent? What are the rules of this sharing game? At one level, the.

Cell Division- Meiosis How it leads to Variation.

What was your favorite thing about winter break? What is a karyotype? What is the purpose of a karyotype?

Sometimes replication, transcription and translation don’t go as planned! Replication, Transcription, and Translation errors result in mutations. A mutation.

Meiosis 2n n n = number of chromosome Diploid: cells that have two copies of every chromosome Haploid: cells that have one copy of every chromosome Meiosis.

Sources of Genetic Variation. How does Meiosis lead to genetic variation?

Meiosis Flashcard Review. How many daughter cells are produced during meiosis? 4 Mitosis produces two identical daughter cells Meiosis produces 4 different.

What can chromosomes tell us?

Meiosis – A Source of Distinction Why do you share some but not all characters of each parent? What are the rules of this sharing game? At one level,

Meiosis does two things - 1) Meiosis takes a cell with two copies of every chromosome (diploid) and makes cells with a single copy of every chromosome.

Karyotypes Different organisms have different numbers of chromosomes Autosomes: Any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome (X or Y chromosome) – Humans.

Meiotic Cell Division and Sexual Reproduction

Biology Review Benchmark Test #3

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction.

MEIOSIS REVIEW.

Meiosis HS Biology Standard - Understand the role of DNA and RNA

Biological Anthropology

Think about the traits that make people unique

KEY CONCEPT Meiosis creates sex cells that are haploid.

Karyotypes Objective: 6H - describe how techniques such as DNA fingerprinting, genetic modifications, and chromosomal analysis are used to study the genomes.

Sexual Reproduction and Genetics

Cell Division: Mitosis vs. Meiosis

Karyotype A photo of the chromosomes in a dividing cell that show the chromosomes arranged by size. Purpose of a Karyotype: (1) to detect abnormalities.

أخطاء في الانقسام المنصف Meiosis Errors

Chromosomal Mutations & Karyotypes

Today’s Date Here 6.) Meiosis – process of reduction division in which the number of chromosomes is cut in half. Goes from diploid(2N) to 4 genetically.

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction.

Meiosis & Chromosomes Chapter 10.1 and 11.3.

Sometimes replication, transcription and translation don’t go as planned! Replication, Transcription, and Translation errors result in mutations. A mutation.

Vocabulary Words DNA Nucleus Meiosis Crossing Over Haploid Diploid

Sexual Reproduction and Genetics

Meiosis Producing Sex Cells.

EOCT Quiz #4 Mitosis, Meiosis, & DNA.

Biological Anthropology

Important Terms from Semester 2 General Biology

Important Terms from Semester 2 General Biology

Chromosomes & Karyotypes

Week 6 Vocab Definitions

Meiosis & Mistakes Chapter 10.2.

Chromosomes & Karyotypes

Why do you share some but not all characters of each parent?

Meiosis Why do you share some but not all characters of each parent?

Meiosis Chapter 10.1 and 11.3.

Week 8 Vocab Definitions

Human Genetics.

Meiosis – A Source of Distinction

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction.

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction.

Biological Anthropology

Organisms that reproduce Sexually are made up of two different types of cells. Somatic Cells are “body” cells and contain the normal number of chromosomes.

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction.

You have body cells and gametes.

Different forms of a gene

Comparing Mitosis and Meiosis

Reproduction Two types:

Karyotype A photo of the chromosomes in a dividing cell that show the chromosomes arranged by size. Purpose of a Karyotype: (1) to detect abnormalities.

Bell Work 2. Which cells are NOT formed during meiosis? Somatic cells

Meiosis Practice Test.

Presentation transcript:

DNA Sugar & Phosphate Backbone Nucleic Acids in Center

DNA RNA Replication Ribosome Deletion Insertion New sequence Mutations Deletion Insertion New sequence DNA Replication RNA Transcription Ribosome Translation tRNA Codons

Chromosomes

Eye Color Hair type Blood Type

Diploid = Somatic or body cell Gametes Haploid Diploid = Somatic or body cell

Keys to Understanding Meiosis Chromosomes are paired. Chromosomes carry genes. The gene forms on a pair of chromosomes may be identical .. Brown eyes Tall Brown eyes Blue eyes Tall Short or different.

One Way Meiosis Makes Lots of Different Sex Cells (Gametes) – Independent Assortment Independent assortment produces 2n distinct gametes, where n = the number of unique chromosomes. In humans, n = 23 and 223 ≈ 8,000,0000. That’s a lot of diversity by this mechanism alone.

Another Way Meiosis Makes Lots of Different Sex Cells – Crossing-Over Crossing-over multiplies the already huge number of different gamete types produced by independent assortment.

Between Independent Assortment and Crossing-Over, No Two Gametes Are Identical.

Homologous Chromosomes

Boy or Girl? X chromosome Y chromosome

Boy or Girl?

Karyotype

Nondisjunction- when homologous chromosomes fail to separate When things go wrong Nondisjunction- when homologous chromosomes fail to separate

Patau Syndrome (Trisomy 13)

Trisomy 18 Edwards Syndrom

Trisomy 21- down syndrome

Monosomy 45, turner syndrome (x)

Kleinfelter’s syndrom (xxy)

Mitosis / meiosis / problems http://www.johnkyrk.com/mitosis.html http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/baby/divi_flash.html http://www.ygyh.org/ds/cause.htm