Forensic Science Blood Typing Lab Activity Ernie's Exit Forensic Science Blood Typing Lab Activity T. Trimpe 2006 http://sciencespot.net/

Blood Typing Lab Key Question: How can blood typing be useful? Initial Thoughts:

Evidence 1 Brain Pop – Blood Types https://www.brainpop.com/health/personalhealth/bloodtypes/ Complete the “Blood Type Punnett Square Practice” sheet.

Evidence 2 http://www.nobelprize.org/educational/me dicine/bloodtypinggame/ Read the Tutorial (What is a blood type? How do you determine a patient’s blood type? How do you perform blood transfusions?) and take notes. Play the quick game random patients or same patients

Evidence 3 - The Crime Report A small pool of blood and a weapon was found near a garbage dumpster. After examining the area, the CSI on the scene discovered a body in the garbage dumpster and identified him as Earnest “One-Eyed” Earl. Earl had a wound to his chest that will be analyzed by the medical examiner. The CSI tested blood samples from the blood pool and the weapon at the crime scene. It was determined that it was human blood, but he needs to know the blood type to help identify if it was from the victim or the person who murdered him. He has come up with three suspects that either knew the victim or were seen in the area before the body was discovered. He would like to question them further while he waits for DNA test results. Follow your teacher’s directions to complete the lab. Remember to be careful to prevent cross-contamination of the blood samples! Image: http://www.fbi.gov/publications/leb/2005/apr2005/apr2005leb_img_3.jpg

Reaction w/ Anti-A Serum Reaction w/ Anti-B Serum Blood Typing Test Type Reaction w/ Anti-A Serum Reaction w/ Anti-B Serum A + - B AB O We will be determining blood types using Anti-A serum, Anti-B serum, and Anti-RH serum. Use the chart to help you determine the blood type of each sample and its Rh factor (+ or -). Clumping = + (Positive) No Clumping = - (Negative) Rh Serum - Clumping = Rh+ blood DIRECTIONS: Step 1: Label the three cups in your kit as Anti-A, Anti-B, and Anti-Rh. Step 2: Place 20 drops of the blood sample in each cup. Step 3: Place 10 drops of the anti-A serum in the A cup. Step 4: Place 10 drops of the anti-B serum in the B cup. Step 5: Place 10 drops of the anti-Rh serum in the Rh cup. Step 6: Use a clean toothpick for each sample and stir for 30 seconds.

Step 7: Record your observations in the correct section on the back of the page and use the reaction chart at the top of this page to determine the blood type. Step 8: Complete the other sections using information from your classmates. Agglutination = Clumping = Positive Reaction Clumping = Positive Result A B Rh What is this person’s blood type? Type Reaction w/ Anti-A Serum Reaction w/ Anti-B Serum A + - B AB O Rh Serum - Clumping = Rh+ blood Answer: A+

- = No clumping + = Clumping Use + or – to show the test results for each sample and then determine the blood type. What do your results show? What would you do next in the investigation? Conclusion - = No clumping + = Clumping Results

Analysis Questions What are universal donors? Explain how you get your blood type. What happens if both your parents don’t have the same type of blood?

Summary What did you think about blood typing before? What did you learn from your evidence about blood typing? What are some further thoughts or questions you have about blood typing?

Reflection List some reasons that would be beneficial to knowing your blood type. What are some reasons that would not be beneficial to knowing your blood type?

Big Idea

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