Post War of 1812 Important Events (1815-1824)

Election of James Monroe Last president of the “Virginia Dynasty” Elected President in 1816 Monroe- 183 electoral votes Rufus King- 34 electoral votes King was the last Federalist who ran for president

Henry Clay’s American System 3 parts Protective Tariff (Tariff of 1816) National Bank (Second Bank of the United States) **“Internal Improvements”** Roads, Bridges, Canals, Turnpikes **Were internal improvements constitutional?**

Second Bank of the United States Chartered in 1816 “Bank War” during President Jackson’s presidency Also in 1816 Protective Tariff (Tariff of 1816) Protect American manufacturing Prevent Britain from dumping their goods in the country

The Missouri Compromise The Missouri Compromise is also an example of sectionalism Background: In 1819, Missouri applied for statehood into the United States. Missouri wanted slavery to be legal in their state Prior to this request, there were an equal number of slave and free states in the country. Why? If Missouri was admitted as a state, there would be more slave states than free states

Solution Henry Clay- “The Great Compromiser” Missouri would be admitted as a slave state Maine (created from Massachusetts) would be admitted a free state No slavery in the territories above the 36’30 parallel

Florida During the War of 1812, U.S. troops occupied Western Florida Seminoles, runaway slaves, and white outlaws conducted raids in U.S. Territory and then retreat into Spanish Florida 1817- President Monroe authorized General Andrew Jackson to stop the raids

Jackson’s Raid of the Seminole Indians 1818 Jackson’s militia in Florida Destroyed Seminole villages Hung two Seminole chiefs Captured Pensacola, Florida Drove out the Spanish government Hung two British traders accused of helping the Seminoles Would this cause an international problem with Britain and Spain? President Monroe persuaded to support General Jackson British did not intervene

The Adams-Onis Treaty (1819) Spain turned over possession of Florida and its claim in the Oregon Territory to the United States The United States agreed to assume $5 million in claims against Spain and give up any claim to the Spanish province in Texas Big Picture… Manifest Destiny began in the 1840s but the U.S. was expansionist long before Texas and Oregon will be two important examples of Manifest Destiny

The Monroe Doctrine (1823) A giant bluff or a really smart move by President Monroe (really John Quincy Adams)? Background Holy Alliance (France, Russia, Prussia, and Spain) HA-Possibility of recolonizing Latin America/South America on behalf of Spain Joint British/US resolution to counter Holy Alliance Latin America remains independent-Why? Trade A second resolution stated that the U.S. and Britain would renounce future claims in Latin America/South America

At first, President Monroe agreed with British ideas Secretary of State John Quincy Adams disagreed “Small boat in the British man of war” Monroe Doctrine LA/SA countries remain independent Future colonization by Europe or Russia was not allowed US viewed this as a threat Possible future Colonization of LA/SA by the US only

A National Economy

“The Mill Girls” 1840s Lowell, Massachusetts 1791 First factory system Samuel Slater

“King Cotton” 1793 Eli Whitney Cotton Gin By the start of the Civil War, 50- 75% of the world’s cotton was grown in the South 1 million slaves in 1800 4 million in 1860 “The Peculiar Institution”