RQM 310 Developing Requirements KPPs and Performance Attributes

Lesson Objectives Demonstrate the proper format of performance attributes and KPPs Identify mandatory KPPs Identify the characteristics of a well written KPP Critique KPPs for clarity, achievability and resourcing Evaluate examples of requirements creep Explain the relationships of the KPPs and KSAs to Measures Effectiveness (MOEs), Measures of Performance (MOPs), and Measures of Suitability (MOSs)

KPP and KSA Development Full Rate Prod Decision Review Joint Concepts Capabilities - Based Assessment MS C MS B FCB Strategic Guidance Incremental Development MS A Technology Development Engineering & Manufacturing Development Production & Deployment AoA Materiel Solution Analysis Technology Opportunities & Resources ICD O&S User Needs MDD CDD CPD

DoD Definitions User Sponsor Operating Command Operator Capability—The ability to achieve a desired effect under specified standards and conditions through combinations of means and ways to perform a set of tasks.

DoD’s Definitions of Threshold vs Objective Threshold—A minimum acceptable operational value below which the utility of the system becomes questionable Objective— An operationally significant increment above the threshold. The difference between Threshold and Objective = “Trade Space”

Key Performance Parameter (KPP) Definition Key Performance Parameters (KPP) - Those attributes or characteristics of a system that are considered critical or essential to the development of an effective military capability and those attributes that make a significant contribution to the characteristics of the future joint force as defined in the Capstone Concept for Joint Operations. CJCSI 3170 1 March 2009 The DoD uses KPPs to list the most important requirements that shall be met in developing a new system:

Types of KPPs Each requirement should be: Customer/Operational Functional Performance Design Derived Allocated Each requirement should be: Achievable Measurable/Testable Unambiguous Complete Necessary Prioritized

KPP Development Guidelines for Writing Quality KPPs Questions to ask before a performance attribute is selected as a KPP If an item does not meet the KPP definition, consider it for inclusion as a Key System Attribute (those issues that do not rise to the level of a Key Performance Parameter) Key Performance Parameter (KPP) Steps

Mandatory KPPs Force Protection Survivability Sustainment KPP Net-Ready KPP (NR-KPP) Selectively Applied KPPs System Training KPP Energy Efficiency KPP

Examples of KPPs Satellite System The mission is to collect and disseminate other critical air, land, sea, and space environment data to support a broad range of national security users. Sensing depth Sea Surface Wind Speed

Examples of Operational KPPs The root mission need of the Medium Armored Vehicle (MAV) was to provide a family of vehicles (FOV) that were air transportable anywhere in the world and support infantry operations. Source: Equipment Sustainment Requirements for the Transforming Army, RAND, 2009

Examples of KPPs Four KPPs resulted from this definition: Interoperability Transportability Carry an Infantry Squad Destroy a standard infantry bunker Source: Equipment Sustainment Requirements for the Transforming Army, RAND, 2009 Can you measure compliance in the requirement below? For example, for the MAV, one has to determine what a standard infantry bunker is, the size of a infantry squad (number of people and soldier “size” limits, if any) and what it carries, and whether the vehicle has to fit in a C-130 without any modification or preparation

Examples of Operational KPPs The Coastal Ship KPPs for the Seaframe are Sprint Speed Endurance Range Mission Package Payload Draft Core Ship Crew Size What is the source of the values for the KPPs?

Requirements Creep Requirements creep refers to significant additions or modifications to the requirements of a new system throughout the lifecycle, resulting in extensions to and alteration of the system’s functionality and scope

Examples of Requirements Creep FUTURE COMBAT SYSTEM (FCS) FCS program requirements changed over the months and years, mainly from lessons learned in combat. While valid perhaps, these changes moved requirements from their initial, approved version. From a clinical viewpoint, this may be perceived as 'requirements creep', or it could be 'necessary changes to requirements given new TTPs of enemy forces to reflect emerging realities’

Requirements Creep The nature of the acquisition process - over years - will result in changes to the program Some are new requirements being levied on a program Some are changes we can refer to as 'requirements creep‘ Route the change requests to the appropriate authority for approval. Requirements Managers must eliminate or deter requirements creep to the maximum extent possible DO NOT approve a change to a KPP yourself DO NOT allow the Program Manager to do so

Remedies to Requirements Creep Regular dialogue between the RM and PM! Configuration Steering Boards (CSB) The Acquisition Executive of each DoD Component shall establish and chair a CSB with broad executive membership including senior representatives from the Office of the USD(AT&L) and the Joint Staff. DoDI 5000.02, December 8, 2008

Measures of Effectiveness and KPPs Measure of Effectiveness (MOE) Measure designed to correspond to accomplishment of mission objectives and achievement of desired results. MOEs can be assessed using two subsets; Measures of Performance (MOP) and Measures of Suitability (MOS) In other words, “What do we want the system to be able to do?” KPP KSA MOS MOE MOP

Measures of Effectiveness and KPPs - JSF Example Measures of Performance (MOP) Combat Radius - 3 Profiles by Service: USMC 450nm; USAF 590nm; USN 600nm Radio Frequency Signature - (Stealth) Interoperability – Meet 100% of critical Information exchange requirements: Secure Voice and Data MOPs are found in KPPs What operational capability does this system provide? Mission related KPPs

Measures of Effectiveness and KPPs - JSF Example Measures of Suitability (MOS) Mission reliability - 95% USMC/USN; 93% USAF Logistics footprint - <8 equivalent C-17 Loads (20 PAA USMC; 24 PAA USAF) ; <46,000 cu ft, 243ST USN Sortie generation - 4 Surge/3 Sust USMC; 3/2 USAF and USN MOSs are found in the KPPs How reliable is the system? Sustainment related KPPs

Lesson Review The Requirements Managers represent the warfighters’ interests in the Acquisition process. The RMs’ major purpose in the JCIDS and Acquisition process is to prevent unnecessary requirement changes (creep) and minimize negative influences (delays, cost increases) on their program. Failure will result in delay and increased costs and may result in overall failure to complete the acquisition successfully…thereby failing the warfighter.

Lesson Review Requirements Managers and Acquisition Professionals must both remain aware of the requirements to gain approval for every change to any KPP. They both have a duty to inform the other, as well as their leadership, of changes (required or proposed) and establish a timeline to gain approval for these changes (may include a requirement to send an impact statement to decision making bodies in the chain of command).