OPTIC

Anaconda Plan UNION’S STRATEGY: -Strangle the South with naval blockades to keep them from receiving supplies and exporting cotton (no $$) -TX was a major and vital link in the overall Confederate supply chain

civil war battles

the north Also known as… U.S. Union Yankees Wears… Blue Uniforms

the south Also known as… Confederacy Rebels Wears… Gray uniforms

attack on fort sumter Apr 1861

attack on fort sumter South Carolina secedes bc of Election of 1860; followed by 10 lower states in gray SC Demanded that all U.S. Army ships be removed from Charleston Harbor

attack on fort sumter - U.S. sends supply ships to reinforce their soldiers at Fort Sumter - Confederates fired on Union ships - 1st battle of Civil War -No Casualties -Union Surrenders

battle of galveston 1. Galveston Oct 1862, Jan 1863

battle of galveston -Oct 1862, Union captured Galveston because it was weakly defended -Jan 1863, Confederates Magruder and Green used “cottonclad” ships to win back Galveston and keep supply lines open COTTONCLAD - warship with bales of cotton on deck to disguise and for protection

cottonclad

emancipation proclamation Jan 1863 emancipation proclamation

-Lincoln freed slaves in “rebelling territories” aka the South emancipation proclamation -Lincoln freed slaves in “rebelling territories” aka the South

emancipation proclamation -Freed slaves could join the Union Army giving more manpower -Slavery is now explicit goal of Union cause

gettysburg, pa & vicksburg, ms July 1863 gettysburg, pa & vicksburg, ms

Both battles were: -Union victories -Turning points of the War battles of gettysburg & vicksburg Both battles were: -Union victories -Turning points of the War Gettysburg, PA Vicksburg, MS -Union now takes lead -Union gains control of the Mississippi River (in yellow) and divides the Confederacy in half

Confederates SURRENDER Civil War Battles TURNING POINT! Gettysburg & Vicksburg Sabine Pass Confederates SURRENDER Fort Sumter Palmito Ranch Galveston

battle of sabine pass 2. Sabine Pass Sept 1863

battle of sabine pass The Union tried to sail up the Sabine River and marched on land to Houston to attack Fort Griffin They had to pass Ft Griffin on the way, from where Dowling and Davis Guards opened fire The Confederacy captured Union soldiers and 2 Union ships.

battle of sabine pass The Union lost and never got the chance to invade TX again The Confederacy kept supply lines open

Confederate Surrender Apr 1865 Confederate Surrender

confederate surrender -Lee surrenders to Grant at Appamatox Courthouse, VA -Confederacy given lenient terms -Took their guns only; allowed to keep horses & 3 days food -End of Civil War

confederate surrender -South devastated POLITICALLY, ECONOMICALLY, GEOGRAPHICALLY & CULTURALLY (PEGS) -How to REBUILD the nation answered in era called RECONSTRUCTION

battle of palmito ranch 1865

battle of palmito ranch Took place after Confederate General Robert E. Lee’s surrendered to Union forces (had not received news of surrender) Confederacy found and trapped Union soldiers in a deep bend of the Rio Grande River The Confederacy won this last battle between N & S!

statistics Slaves in TX did not know they were free until June 19, 1865, when Gen Granger landed at Galveston with the news that the war was over and slaves were free. This was 2 ½ years after Emancipation Proclamation. This is the oldest African American holiday STILL celebrated today. It is called JUNETEENTH. Union forces outnumbered Confederates 2 to 1 620,000 Americans died, more than in any other war involving the U.S. Bloodiest battle of CW was Gettysburg A white Union soldier made $13/mo; the AA made $7