In NTSC television, there are --- frames in each second of video and ---- scan lines- 30 / 525

OTT refers to ----- and OTA refers to -----. “Over the Top” television / over the air (broadcast tv stations)

MMDS was commonly referred to as ------. Wireless cable

DBS stands for -----, and MVPD stands for -----. Direct broadcast satellite / multichannel video program distributor

What are the two DBS services in the U. S What are the two DBS services in the U.S.?   What are the two IPTV services in the U.S.?  DISH & DirecTV / U-verse and FiOS

a) A ------ in cable TV is a payment of a fee by the cable company to a local government in the cable company's service area.  b) What is 'must carry' and what is 'retransmission consent'--and how do they relate to each other?  c) How have cable companies increased revenues in recent years?  See Chapter 7

a) What does 'a la carte' mean in cable TV a) What does 'a la carte' mean in cable TV?  b) What does 'cord cutting' refer to?  c) What is 'cord shaving'?  d) What are cable tiers?  e) What is a skinny bundle?  f) What is a 'tree and branch design' in cable TV?  g) Local station signals are delivered from satellite into local markets across the U.S. by using ----- satellites. See Chapter 7

FTTH stands for and FTTP stands for -----. Fiber to the home / fiber to the premises -- what is ‘fiber’?

On page 115 they define ______ as 'an apparatus for the production of meanings and pleasures involving aesthetic strategies and psychological processes.'  See Chap. 10

The name most associated with cinematic storytelling, _______, after 131 years in the business as one of the largest producers of film stock in the world, filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy in 2012. See Chap. 10

See ;’Video Quality’ reading A ________, which graphically displays and measures the brightness or luma level of the video. See ;’Video Quality’ reading

A _____measures relative color (chroma) information of a video signal. See ‘Video Quality’ reading

See ‘Video Quality’ reading In the ‘black’ area of a video signal, there are some important timing signals referred to as______, that refers to the high-speed timing pulses that keep all video equipment "in lock step." See ‘Video Quality’ reading

See Video Quality reading Referring to the previous slide… A ________is used to supply a common timing pulse for all equipment that must work in unity within a production facility. See Video Quality reading

DSLR stands for ----- and is what kind of device? Digital single lens reflex / professional 35mm’still images’ camera (but that can shoot video)

Eadweard Muybridge is known for what experiment? See the online reading and Chapter 10

The text defines ------ as 'an image appearing in front of the eye lingers long enough in the retina after removal of the image to allow the viewer to experience smooth, realistic motion from successive still images.'  See Chap. 10

One of the small, illuminating “dots” that make up a picture on a television or computer screen. Short for “picture element” pixel

The ratio of the height of a television screen to its width aspect ratio 

CCD -- charge-coupled device -- or CMOS A microchip inside a camera that transduces visual energy in the form of light into electrical energy. CCD -- charge-coupled device -- or CMOS (Digital cameras -- MOS--metal– oxide–semiconductor; CMOS--Complementary metal–oxide– semiconductor

----- is defined as the distance from the optical center of the lens to the plane (target or "chip") of the video camera when the lens is focused at infinity. focal length

The lens focus that is obtained by zooming in tightly on a subject and then focusing. critical focus  

(a) A notation that indicates the size of the lens opening; (b) the (higher or lower) the f-stop number, the smaller the opening. f-stop  / higher

The brightness information in a video picture Luminance or luma

The fineness of detail that can be produced by a given television system. The higher this is, the more detail that can be reproduced resolution

A device that performs the function of converting energy from one form to another, as in from acoustical to electrical energy transducer

In class we said _____ is ‘the art of capturing and controlling light. See class notes

Light levels, as picked up by a video camera, is measured in _____ in other countries but still often in ____ in the U.S. See reading module

A lateral move (rolling the camera to the left or right on the pedestal) is ____, while (rolling) the entire camera toward or away from the subject is a __________. See reading module

As noted in class and shown in the online reading, a device that's come into wide use in the last decade is the camera ______, essentially a long, highly maneuverable boom or crane-like device with a mounted camera at the end. See reading module

Of the different types of camera mounts, a ____ camera is mounted on a flexible arm that uses a series of spring balances to hold its position. A camera operator can walk and even run and still get a reasonably steady shot. See reading module

Hue saturation and luminance What are the three basic video signal components / three components that make up a video signal? Hue saturation and luminance

The standard frame rate for motion picture film is ----- 24 frames per second

The main physical plant for a cable systems, where all signals are received then distributed to customers. headend

The SMATV service has been commonly referred to as ------ cable / The university’s ‘cable system’ is ----- Private/ SMATV

The first CATV (‘cable TV’) systems started in what decade. (where The first CATV (‘cable TV’) systems started in what decade? (where?) The explosion in growth of cable TV started in what decade, because of satellite distribution? 1940s / 1970s

Communication satellites are located where? Why there? 22,300 miles above the equator

The video camera operator has to ------- the camera each time the lighting conditions change, allowing the camera to ‘see’ what white looks like, to more accurately recreate all colors. White balance

DISH, DirecTV / FiOS, U-verse The two major DBS providers are ---- and the three main IPTV providers are ---- DISH, DirecTV / FiOS, U-verse

The primary colors in the video signal are Red Green Blue

Interlaced / progressive In generating a video picture, if it says 1080i, the 'i' stands for ____; If a video picture is ‘720p’ the ‘p’ stands for___ Interlaced / progressive

The main headquarters for a local market cable TV system, where all signals are received then sent out to subscribers is called the: headend

Changing the iris by one f-stop, from f5 Changing the iris by one f-stop, from f5.6 to f4, for example, ____ the amount of light let into the lens. doubles

The microchip inside a camera that transduces visual energy of light into electrical energy is either a ___ or _____ CCD / CMOS

Change from OTA NTSC to DTV December 31, 2006 was then changed to February 17, 2009 then June 12, 2009 were dates scheduled for what to occur? Change from OTA NTSC to DTV

For video viewing, OTA refers to _____ and OTT refers to ___ Over the Air, Over the Top

In the U.S., the spectrum used for digital television is coveted by: Cellular telephone companies

4K refers to --- and is also known as ---- A television standard with 4000 lines of pixels of horizontal resolution; UHD TV

Some broadcasters are returning their spectrum in a ‘reverse auction’ Why might the number of over-the-air television stations in the U.S. be reduced? Some broadcasters are returning their spectrum in a ‘reverse auction’

In the cable television industry, what is a “franchise fee?” A payment by the cable company to the local government

MVPD stands for ----; what are the common MVPDs? Multichannel video program distributors; cable, satellite TV; IPTV

Currently considered The greatest threat to cable television operators: Cord cutting

Skinny bundle (as one kind of basic tier of service) A cable television service with fewer channels and lower subscription fees is often called a --- Skinny bundle (as one kind of basic tier of service)

The Telecommunications Act of 1996 had the biggest impact on radio by: Eliminating national ownership rules

The name of the early ‘TV studio’ built by Thomas Edison Black Maria

The ----- was a voluntary code that was intended to suppress immorality in films. Hayes Production Code

The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey Although the standard film frame rate has remained consistently 24 fps since the early days of film, Peter Jackson recently experimented with a higher frame rate for what film? The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey

CGI is a term related to what specific technology we have studied? filmmaking

What copyright issue has been a negative impact of cloud computing on the film industry piracy

What do LED, LCD and OLED refer to? Video screen technologies

If a local cable company does not have a retransmission consent agreement with a local broadcaster, what other option would be required for them? Must carry

The technology that had the greatest impact on motion picture attendance was TV

Numbers like 1.4, 2, 2.8, 4, 5.6, 8, and 11 refer to the __ settings on a lens. F-stop

Most video cameras use ----- lenses, that allow the effective focal length of a zoom lens to be continuously varied...this is compared to a ----- lens used in a lot of professional shooting where the focal length of the lens cannot be varied Zoom / prime

A video scanning method in which half of a frame is scanned at a time, creating a field. interlaced

Interlaced scanning , 30 frames per second, 525 scan lines, 4:3 aspect ratio are technical specifications for what? NTSC TV

‘video quiz’ – covers all assigned reading and class notes Go through all reading since Audio Quiz and highlight and study all major terms. ‘video quiz’ – covers all assigned reading and class notes