1.What is the Christian teaching states that God has determined who will be saved? In what country did Calvinism begin?

Bellringer 1.What is the Christian teaching states that God has determined who will be saved? predestination In what country did Calvinism begin? Switzerland

Today-Objective: Counter-Reformation Complete the Counter Reformation Guided notes worksheet Review important people of the Counter-Reformation Why was the Council of Trent important? What events brought peace & a beginning of toleration?

Complete the Notes using The Counter Reformation

Brainstorm before you begin: The Protestant Reformation is sweeping across Central Europe, England, and even Scandinavia! You have been hired by the Pope to develop ideas that the Church can implement in order to stop believers from converting to these heretical faiths. What are your top 3 ideas? Hurry, you must act quickly, or Protestantism may overrun Europe!

The Counter Reformation 1530s-1648 The Catholic Church’s Response to the Protestant Reformation

The Counter Reformation there was an attempt to reform the Catholic church. The Church had two tactics: Reform the Church from Within Stop the Spread of Protestantism Council of Trent – a meeting of catholic bishops and cardinals, agreed on several doctrines – The churchs interpretation of the Bible was final Christians needed faith and good works for salvation (not just faith as Luther had said) The Bible and Church tradition were equally powerful authorities Indulgences were valide expressions of faith, but the selling was banned. The Roman Inquisition, an agency established in 1542 to combat heresy,  Water Torture was used during the Inquisition

Those who tried to change the Catholic Church within Girolamo Savonarola Preached against abuses of the church Had people melt down their Gold & silver to help the poor –Bonfire of the Vanities Executed by Pope

Ignatius of Loyola A soldier Wounded Healing Ignatius reads the lives of the Saints

Jesuits Society of Jesus. Worked to renew spirituality & service to the church Worked on using education to counter the Protestant Reformation. Founded by Ignatius of Loyola. Former soldier & nobleman. Ran the Jesuits like a military organization

What does this quote by Loyola mean? “We should always be disposed to believe that that which appears white is really black, if the hierarchy of the Church so decides.”

Council of Trent(1545-1563) Purpose: The Church held meetings to discuss reform AND define dogma (official teachings) Addressed the abuses that had weakened the church. Called for priests to be trained & financial abuses to be ended. Indulgences abolished. Rejected Protestant doctrine. Faith & works needed for salvation.

Those who carried out the reforms of the council of Trent Charles Boromeo Archbishop of Milan. Educated priests Francis de Sales Worked to turn people from Calvinism Founded a teaching order for women Teresa of Avila Became a nun about 1536 Her spirituality inspired many to remain Catholic

Stopping the Spread of Protestantism The Spanish Inquisition When ? 1478 - Why? General purpose was to discover heretics (mostly Jews and Muslims, but also Protestants), reinforce Catholic doctrine, and prove the power of the Church Where? Mostly Spain and Italy Different variations took place across Europe, but it was most notorious in Spain Ironic! (These places were strongholds of Catholicism) How? The accused were put on trial and were guilty until proven innocent… Torture was used to elicit confessions

Video: The Spanish Inquisition https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5ZegQYgyg dw

Stopping the Spread of Protestantism Index (List) of Banned Books Created in 1559 by the Pope Purpose was to prevent heresy (make sure you know what this word means) and ensure books were morally correct Banned both Protestant literature and texts by some intellectuals, like Erasmus

Was the Counter-Reformation a success? The Church did not win back many of the “lost souls” that had converted to Protestantism… But, it shed its reputation for corruption and it spread widely through missionary work

Religious Wars & Unrest

Italian Wars Charles V invaded Italy in 1494 Wars ended in 1559 The significance of the Italian wars was to spread the Renaissance. Italian artist fled north

Peasants’ War Stirred by Luther’s teaching thousands of German peasants stormed castles & monasteries. Nobles harshly put down the uprisings. Luther opposed the peasants.

Holy Roman Emperor Charles V opposed Protestants Peace of Augsburg was signed in 1555 Each prince would choose the religion his subjects would follow In 1546 he began a war with Lutheran princes of Germany

France King Henry of Navarre became Catholic. 1598- Edict of Nantes granted religious freedom to Protestants France Huguenots- French Protestant minority Wars between Catholics & Huguenots lasted for years St. Bartholomew's Day massacre- 1572 Catholics killed 1000s of Protestants

Denominations of Europe

There are 3 major divisions within Christianity Roman Catholic Church Eastern Orthodox Russian Greek Southwest Asia, Eastern Europe, India Protestant Lutheran Anglican/Episcopal Methodist Presbyterian Reformed Baptists Pentecostal Nondenominational Independent

All Christian groups agree on: Trinity Nature of God Divinity & humanity of Jesus Christ. All hold to the major creeds; Apostles, Nicene, Chalcedon Justification by faith or how a person is saved & authority of Scripture Disagree on church government, sacraments, role of the Holy Spirit