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Chapter 4.1 – 4.3 4.1 Chemical Energy and ATP 4.2 Overview of Photosynthesis Only 1000 question available 4.3 Details of Photosynthesis 200 400 600 800 1000 Bonus Question: 2000 pts

Topic 1: 200 Question: The chemical energy used for most cell processes is carried by _________ Answer Adenosine Triphosphate Back

Topic 1: 400 Question: What is meant when an organism is described as a “producer?” Answer An organism that produces its own energy from inorganic sources such as sunlight Back

Topic 1: 600 Question: Explain the relationship between ADP and ATP Answer ATP is formed by adding an additional phosphate group to ADP. Adenosine Diphosphate to Triphosphate Back

Topic 1: 800 Question: How do consumers produce ATP? How is energy released from ATP? Answer Digestion of food. Removal of phosphate group. Digesting food! Removal of a phosphate group. Back

Topic 1: 1000 Question: How do lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins differ in ATP production? Answer Lipids provide more energy than carbs which provide the same as protein Back

Topic 2: 200 Question: What is the basic definition of photosynthesis? Answer A process that captures energy from sunlight to make sugars that store chemical energy Back

Topic 2: 400 Question: Why is chlorophyll important? What are two kinds of chlorophyll? Answer It is a molecule in chloroplasts that absorbs energy in visible light A and B Back

Topic 2: 600 Question: What are the disc shaped parts of the chloroplast? What is the whole stack called? What is the gray space known as? Back

Topic 2: 800 Question: Send someone to the board to write the chemical equation of photosynthesis Answer CO2+ H2O  (light, enzymes) C6H12O6 + O2 Back

Topic 2: 1000 Question: Overall is photosynthesis endothermic or exothermic? What are the two major stages of photosynthesis? In what significant ways do they differ? Answer Endothermic Light-dependent/independent. One creates major energy carriers, one creates sugar Back

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Topic 3: 1000 Question: In what step of light-dependent reactions is active transport occurring? Passive transport? Describe the steps. Answer Active- step 3. ETC helps move hydrogen ions across the thylakoid membrane against the concentration gradient Passive- Step 6. Diffusion of hydrogen ions across thylakoid membrane. Back

Topic 4: 200 Question: What does ATP synthase mean? What does it do? Answer Enzyme that makes ATP. Adds a phosphate group to ADP Back

Topic 4: 400 Question: Where do light-dependent reactions occur? Answer Thylakoid membrane of chloroplast Back

Topic 4: 600 Question: The light dependent reactions require what reactant? How is that reactant used? Answer . Water. Broken down protons, electrons and oxygen Back

Topic 4: 800 Question: How is ATP (and NADPH) used in the Calvin cycle? Where did they come from (where were they made in the first place)? Answer They came from the light-dependent reactions. Back

Topic 4: 1000 Question: Describe all the steps of the Calvin cycle Answer Back

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Bonus Question: 2000 pts. Briefly describe the 7 steps of light-dependent reactions. 1. energy from sun absorbed by cholorphyll, energized electrons enter ETC 2. water molecules split into protons, electrons, and oxygen. Electrons replace ones that left chlorphyll 3. ETC helps transport protons into thylakoid. Active transport 4. more sunlight 5. Electrons from ETC change NADP+ to NADPH 6. hydrogen ions diffuse out of thylakoid 7. ATP synthase makes ATP from ADP by adding phosphate group (get energy from chemiosmotic gradient in step 6) Back

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