A Growing Nation Chapter 8 The Era of Good Feelings = From 1815-1825, the U.S. enjoyed an era of peace, pride, and progress. A since of Nationalism = pride & loyalty to a nation The American System =A series of measures intended to make the U.S. economically self-sufficient Internal improvements (roads, canals, single currency) would unite the country. More Tariffs = more $ = better roads & progress

PART 1 POLITICAL EVENTS IN OUR HEMISPHERE

A: James Monroe became the 5th President of the U. S. A. in 1817 A: James Monroe became the 5th President of the U.S.A. in 1817. At this time Mexico was fighting a Revolutionary War against Spain. Padre Miguel Hidalgo started this war with his famous GRITO DE DOLORES speech. In 1821 Mexico defeated Spain and became an independent country.

B: Soon other countries in South and Central America began to fight for their Independence from European countries. Simon Bolivar became known as The Liberator when he led his rebel army to victory against the Spanish army in Columbia in 1819.

C: In 1823 the people of Central America defeated the Spanish army and later formed Central American countries such as Honduras, Guatemala and Costa Rica. The New Latin American countries modeled their new constitutions on that of the U.S., but there was not a lot of early success in establishing democracies.

D: In 1823 President Monroe made an official speech called the Monroe Doctrine. In this speech he announced that the U.S. would not interfere with the affairs of the European countries, but the European countries should not interfere with the newly independent countries like Mexico, Guatemala and Honduras.

How The U.S. Grows http://www.the-map-as-history.com/demos/tome07/02-territorial_expansion_1783_1861.php

PART 2 Regions of the U.S. 1815-1825

Manifest Destiny

The Mason/Dixon Line It forms a demarcation line among four U.S. states, forming part of the borders of Pennsylvania, Maryland, Delaware, and West Virginia (then part of Virginia). In popular usage, especially since the Missouri Compromise of 1820, the Mason–Dixon Line symbolizes a cultural boundary between the Northeastern United States and the Southern United States (Dixie).

The North Large Scale Factories Need cheap labor (immigrants) Free State Does Not Want Government To Sell New Public Land At Cheap Prices = labor will move out of cities to the west Want High Tariffs (taxes on imported goods) = keeps U.S. goods lower = Less Competition

The south Agriculture (Cotton, Tobacco) = Most Money $ Slave States = Cheap Labor Need Trade With Europe To Buy Crops Does Not Want High Tariffs = Makes goods more expensive ($) and Angers Trading Partners.

The East EUROPE TRADE CALL FOR LOWER TARRIFFS!

The west Farmers, Cattle Cheap land = New Growth = Towns = $ Some Slave – Some Free New Political Power Who gets to join the Union? (Become part of The United States)

PART 3 Missouri Compromise-1820

Background 1819-Missouri applies for statehood as a slave state At that time11 free states & 11 slave states A new slave state would tip the balance of power in towards the South Sectionalism disagreements between different regions (states)

Enter Henry Clay- The Great Compromiser Convinces Congress to accept the Missouri Compromise (1820) 1) Missouri enters as a slave state 2) Maine enters as a free state 3) Slavery prohibited in any new territory or state above the 36 30’ latitude Note: Big supporter of the American System!

U.S.A – post Missouri Compromise