THE WOOD AND IT’S DERIVATIVES Equipment, tools and machines Alberto Arribas Rufes.

MEASURE, MARK, DRAW, AND SECURE. THE COMPASS USED TO DRAW CIRCLES AND ARCS TO COPY MEASUREMENTS AWL USED TO MAKE A SMALL MARK IN THE WOOD. THE CARPENTERS RULER. GAUGE Used to draw lines parallel to the edge of a board.

EQUIPMENT AND TOOLS TO SECURE PIECES OF WOOD. C-CLAMP Compress the material we wont to clamp. BENCH VICE Fixed to the workbench. RING CLAMP Used to hold together ciccular objects of differents diameter BAR CLAMP Used to clamp onjets onto the workbench.

TYPES OF SAWS

Hand saw. USED TO MAKE STRAIGHT CUTS.

TENON SAW. USED TO MAKE PRECISE CUTS.

BOARD SAW. USED TO MAKE CURVED CUTS

COPING SAW. USED TO CUT THIN WOOD, SUCH AS PLAYWOD.

HACKSAW. USED TO MAKE CUTS IN A STRAIGHT LINE.

FRET SAW. THIS HAS A VERY FINE BLADE THAT CAN BE FLAT OR ROUND.

JIGSAW USED TO MAKE SMALLER MORE LOCALISED CUTS THAT AREN’T STRAIGHT

CIRCULAR SAW USED TO MAKE STRAIGHT CUTS ALONG A PIECE OF WOOD.

DRILLING. HAND DRILL GIMLET Used to drill through thin pieces of wood. HAND DRILL This is used to drill more pieces holes quickly and with less effort. DRILL

TOOLS FOR CARVING AND LEVELLING. STRAIGHT CHISEL. Used to make grooves PARING CHISEL. Used to chisel off fine layers of wood. GOUGE. Used to cut grooves in wood CARPENTERS MALLET. Used to hit a handle of chisel

TOOLS FOR PLANING OR SANDING. RASP SANDER FILE GRINDER PLANE

TOOLS FOR JOINING PIECES All hammers can hit the head of a nail, but a claw hammer can also be used to pull nails out of wood surfaces using the claw as a lever. HAMMERS SCREWDRIVER - Used to insert and remove screws. This is made of a metal rod which ends in a point, a flat point or a star shape, depending on the type of the screw we use. Its handle is made of plastic or wood to provide insulation from electric current. SCREWDRIVERS, SCREW AND SPANNER Screw - This is made of a grooved metal tube and a head, which can be round, cylindrical, hexagonal or countersunk Spannner - made of steel and used to tighten or loosen bolts

TYPES OF HAMMERS . CLAW HAMMER BALL PEEN HAMMER PIN HAMMER

TYPES OF PLIERS PINCERS COMBINATION PLIERS NEEDLE NOSE PLIERS