10 Grade Science Week 10 1st Semester, 2008 TEK OBJECTIVE: Relate the chemical behavior of an element including bonding, to its placement on the periodic table

Li Be N Ne Li Be N Ne

Li Li Be Be N N Ne Ne

There are 7 Periods on the Periodic Table

There are 18 Groups on the Periodic Table

The Chemical Families Checklist 8 note cards 1 full page of mini-PTs #1) Checklist 8 note cards 1 full page of mini-PTs 1 strip of mini-PTs Number the note cards on lined-side in upper left corner (see example) Number the mini-PTs: 1-6 on full page, 7 and 8 on strip Label Cards #1) Metals #2) Nonmetals #3) Metalloids #4) Alkali Metals #5) Alkaline Earth Metals #6) Transition Metals #7) Halogens #8) Nobel Gases

The Chemical Families 1. Metals Groups 1-12 plus 10 more elements Lustrous – Shiny “metallic” appearance Conduct heat and electricity Solids at room temperature – except mercury (Hg) High melting points and high densities Malleable (able to be hammered into shapes) Ductile (able to be drawn into wire)

The Chemical Families 2. Nonmetals Found in Groups 13-18, and Hydrogen Gain electrons easily Poor conductors of heat and electricity Brittle solids Little or no metallic luster, various colors

The Chemical Families 3. Metalloids Semiconductors B, Si, Ge, As, Sb, Te Possess some characteristics of metals and some of nonmetals Intermediate conductors of heat and electricity under certain conditions

The Chemical Families 4. Alkali Metals Examples: Group 1 (except Hydrogen) Soft, silver-colored metals Lower densities than the other metals One loosely bound valence electron in outer shell Highly reactive, especially with the halogens Examples:

The Chemical Families 5. Alkaline Earth Metals Group 2 Soft, silver-colored metals Two valence electrons in the outer shell Examples:

The Chemical Families 6. Transition Metals Groups 3-12 Very hard metals High melting and boiling points High electrical conductivity Malleable

The Chemical Families 7. Halogens Group 17 “halo-” means salt Seven valence electrons (only one short of a stable octet) Highly reactive, especially with alkali metals (group 1) and alkaline earth metals (group 2) Examples:

The Chemical Families 8. Noble Gas Group 18 Do not react easily with other elements Complete valence shell (stable octet) Very low boiling points (all gases at room temperature) Examples:

Group # Period # (# of valence electrons) Alkali Metals Alkaline Earth Metals Transition Metals Other Metals Metalloids Nonmetals Halogens Nobel Gases

Group # 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Period # 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 (# of valence electrons) 3 4 5 6 7 8 Alkali Metals Alkaline Earth Metals Transition Metals Other Metals Metalloids Nonmetals Halogens Nobel Gases