Figure 4 : Nano particles of Fe2O3 Characterization of Nanoparticles and Particles' ultra fine in the Workplace by Scanning Electronic Microscopy , X-ray diffraction and Raman Microscopy. Med. Salah. Benlatreche1 , Kahina. Slimane2   1 LIMOSE Laboratory, University of M’hamed bougurra. Boumerdes, 35000, Algeria 2 Department of physics University of M’hamed bougurra. Boumerdes, 35000, Algeria E-Mail:1- msbenlatreche@univ-boumerdes.dz, LMOSE University of Boumerdes, Algeria 2- www.slimanekahina.com@gmail.com, Physics Department University of Boumerdes, Algeria Abstract The last few years a growing interest in the development of applications implementing ultrafine powders as intermediate or finished products in industries as diverse as chemical, pharmaceutical , cosmetic , food , materials, industry , etc. Human exposure to ultrafine particles (PUF <100 nm) and nanoparticle has become in recent years an important public health issue. These, in urban areas, can be formed by over 80% fines soot (<1 .mu.m) and ultrafine from combustion of fuels. These particles, emitted particularly by diesel vehicles in the short term gasoline vehicles and district heating, were quickly suspected cause of morbidity and mortality cardiorespiratory observed in epidemiological studies on the effects of the atmospheric pollution. They are mainly responsible for inflammatory responses can aggravate pulmonary diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease . Our work's focuses on characterization of NPs and PUF by Scanning Electronic Microscopy and X-ray diffraction and Raman Microscopy, airborne nanosized particles and their importance to public health in the Workplace. . Conclusion:  In this work we used different characterization techniques (SEM , SEM -EDS , Raman , XRD , IR ) to characterize a powder of a metal foundry. Scanning electron microscopy allowed us to confirm the presence of nano particles and ultra fine particles. The results of microanalysis illustrate the presence of Fe, Si, C, and O in the form of spectrum provided with a summary table giving the mass and atomic percentage of each element. The Infrared reveals that each mode of vibration (C -H and C = O) is characterized by a particular intensity. Typical examples include welding fumes, metal fumes, polymer fumes, technical soot particles, amorphous silicic acids, and particulate diesel motor emissions. The primary particles that are thus created have a size of only a few nanometres (nm). They also agglomerate directly after formation and form even larger particles. Characteristic of air pollution in workplace suggested that the Ultra­ ne particles are increasingly being recognized as a potential threat to health, may come from a wide variety of sources, depending on the type of activity and processes taking place. Some activities and processes are acknowledged as being `dusty’, where aerosol is generated from the mechanical handling and attrition of solid or liquid material, and are not considered to be plausible sources of ultra­ ne particles. Aerosols in workplace environments may come from a wide variety of sources, depending on the type of activity and processes taking place. Some activities and processes are acknowledged as being `dusty’, where aerosol is generated from the mechanical handling and attrition of solid or liquid material, and are not considered to be plausible sources of ultra fine particles in a foundry. Total particle quantity : 5.8⋅105/cm3, Maximum 54nm Problem of Ultra fine particles and NPs in workplace atmospheres Figure 4 : Nano particles of Fe2O3 Fig. Figure 1 RAMAN Profils Fig. 2 SEM Images and chemical composition characterized by EDX coupled with SEM. Presence of Nano particles and Particles ultra fine in workplace atmospheres   eZAF Résultats quantitatifs intelligents Elément % de masse % atomique Intensité totale Error % Kratio Z R A F O K 26.84 56.15 5,855.70 5.83 0.17 1.18 0.9 0.53 1 FeK 73.16 43.85 11,095.48 1.61 0.68 0.92 1.03 1.01 eZAF Résultats quantitatifs intelligents Elément % de masse % atomique Intensité totale Error % Kratio Z R A F O K 37.17 62.40 8,884.35 6.35 0.20 1.13 0.93 0.47 1 NaK 5.43 6.34 692.68 9.99 0.01 1.03 0.96 0.19 AlK 2.19 2.18 750.26 7.94 1.01 0.97 0.41 SiK 4.42 4.22 1,956.87 6.21 0.02 0.98 0.53 K K 0.28 189.16 11.35 0.00 0.92 1.05 CaK 1.81 1.21 739.37 3.60 1.02 0.95 1.06 FeK 48.57 23.36 8,978.66 1.63 0.43 0.88   eZAF Résultats quantitatifs intelligents Elément % de masse % atomique Intensité totale Error % Kratio Z R A F C K 43.82 56.80 1,952.83 8.54 0.13 1.05 0.97 0.28 1 O K 34.63 33.70 2,443.61 9.35 0.07 1.01 0.99 0.19 MgK 0.58 0.37 183.13 9.03 0.00 0.93 1.02 0.51 AlK 1.31 0.76 516.67 5.95 0.01 0.9 1.03 0.66 SiK 9.69 5.37 4,447.00 3.58 0.92 0.77 S K 0.96 0.47 390.23 5.49 0.85 K K 0.20 0.08 67.52 3.85 1.06 FeK 8.80 2.45 1,174.07 2.46 1.08 Fig. 3 IRM profile.