Planes of Movement Anatomical Terms Revision Planes of Movement Anatomical Terms

Horizontal or transverse Planes of Movement Median or Sagittal Frontal or Coronal Horizontal or transverse

Anatomical Term Definition Anterior Towards /From the front Posterior Toward / From the back Superior Above Inferior Below Medial Toward the middle Lateral Towards/ from the side Distal Proximal

Fill in the gaps using anatomical terminology The big toe is on the ________ aspect of the foot The sacrum is _________ to the coccyx The ears are a _________ feature of the head The abdominals are on the ________ surface of the body. The patella (kneecap) is on the ________ of the knee joint. The little finger is on the ________ aspect of the hand

Lesson 2 – Skeletal System

The Skeletal system comprises the bones that make up the skeleton. There are 206 bones in the normal human skeleton.

Functions of the Skeleton SUPPORT - It supports the organs and tissues of the body. Without this support they would collapse under their own weight. The skeleton gives the body its shape and provides a rigid framework which supports the body. PROTECTION - Bones surround and protect vital organs. For example the cranium protects the brain and the ribcage protects the heart and lungs.

MOVEMENT - It provides a base for the attachment of muscles, and so allows movement, with the bones acting as levers SUPPLY - The bones are a source of supply of blood cells. STORE - The bones are a store for minerals required for body function.

Bones can be grouped in two divisions: Axial skeleton and Appendicular skeleton

1. The axial skeleton consists of - the centre of the body, the skull, the spine and the ribcage 2. The appendicular skeleton consists of - the arms, legs, shoulder girdle and pelvic girdle.

Skeleton Label the bones on the skeleton. Use common names and scientific names e.g. skull and cranium. Which bones make up the: Elbow joint? Knee joint? Shoulder joint? Hip joint?