3.03 REMEMBER THE STRUCTURES OF THE SENSORY SYSTEM: Tongue

What are the structures of the sensory system: tongue? ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS What are the structures of the sensory system: tongue? 3.03 Remember the structures of the sensory system

3.03 Remember the structures of the sensory system THE SENSES Eyes Sight Ears Hearing Nose Smell Tongue Taste Skin Touch 3.03 Remember the structures of the sensory system

3.03 Remember the structures of the sensory system TONGUE 3.03 Remember the structures of the sensory system

STRUCTURES OF THE TONGUE 3.03 Remember the structures of the sensory system

STRUCTURES OF THE TONGUE Taste receptors Also known as gustatory buds or taste buds What type of tissue is the tongue made? skeletal 3.03 Remember the structures of the sensory system

3.03 Remember the structures of the sensory system TRIVIA TONGUE Did you know… Taste is the weakest of the five senses We have almost 10,000 taste buds inside our mouths; even on the roofs of our mouths Everyone’s tongue print is different similar to fingerprints 3.03 Remember the structures of the sensory system

3.04 Understand the functions of the sensory system Essential Questions What are the functions of the sensory system: tongue ? 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 8

Understanding the functions of the tongue Taste 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 9

Understanding the functions of the tongue Gustatory receptors (taste buds) Move food around while chewing and helps you talk Can you identify the cranial nerves? V. trigeminal: mouth and chewing IX. glossopharyngeal: taste, etc XI. accessory: swallowing XII. Hypoglossal: movement of the tongue 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 10

Taste Trivia Did you know??? An adult has on average 9,000 taste buds (a child even 10,000) More buds means the individual perceives more types of taste The spicy foods (like chili peppers) stimulate the pain receptors, not the taste buds 11

Structures of the tongue: taste buds Did you know… eating chocolate makes the brain produce natural opiates Produces a sense of well-being Reduces pain Makes you happy! Agreeable or disagreeable? Identify the taste bud. sweet 12

Structures of the tongue: taste buds Saltytaste bud. 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 13

Structures of the tongue: taste buds Agreeable or disagreeable? Identify the taste bud. bitter 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 14

Structures of the tongue: taste buds AgreeablSoure or disagreeable? Identify the taste bud. 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 15

Understanding the functions of the tongue Taste Salty Sour Sweet Bitter NEW! Umami 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 16

3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system Sense of Taste What is the relationship between the sense of taste and the sense of smell? 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 17

Understanding the functions of the tongue Taste Activity Do you like all of your taste buds? 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 18

Disorders of the tongue 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 19

Disorders of the tongue Glossitis Gloss itis An inflammation of the tongue 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 20

Disorders of the tongue: Glossitis What causes glossitis? Allergic reactions to medications, food, and other irritants may aggravate the papillae and the muscle tissues Diseases that affect your immune system may attack the tongue’s muscles and papillae, oral herpes simplex may contribute to swelling and pain in tongue Low iron levels, myoglobin is important for muscle health Dry mouth, caused by a lack of saliva Trauma, injuries or inflammation (burns, braces, biting) 21

Disorders of the tongue: Glossitis Treatment: Antibiotics and other medications that get rid of infections may be prescribed if bacteria or fungi are present in your mouth or body Pain drugs may also be ordered to relieve your pain until your condition is successfully treated. What are the benefits of good oral hygiene in treatment and prevention of glossitis? 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 22

Disorders of the tongue: Strawberry tongue Cause is scarlet fever. How are disorders of the tongue relevant to taste? 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 23

Disorders of the tongue: Strawberry tongue What are other causes of strawberry tongue? Pernicious Anemia, Iron Deficiency Anemia and several more conditions 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 24

Disorders of the tongue: Strawberry tongue How are disorders of the tongue relevant to taste? Disorders alter the taste of your food due to lack of taste buds functioning properly 25

3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system Disorders of the tongue: Thrush Oral thrush occurs when your immune system can’t maintain its natural defense against the Candida albicans fungus 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 26

Disorders of the tongue: Thrush Who most likely gets it? Can be contacted at birth, vaginal yeast spread to newborn 27

3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system Disorders of the tongue: Thrush How is it prevented? Practice good oral hygiene by brushing and flossing every day Rinse out your mouth after using a corticosteroid inhaler When taking antibiotics add acidophilus capsules or yogurt with Lactobacillus to your diet 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 28

3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system Disorders of the tongue: Thrush How is it treated? Antifungal medication How are disorders of the tongue relevant to health? Causes papillae to disappear Food has no taste Affects the way you eat and talk 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 29

3.04 Understand the disorders of the tongue Essential Questions What are the disorders of the sensory system: tongue? 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 30