Bacillus anthracis Gram positive rods One chromosome J. Carnes F2013 Modified by DYH Bacillus anthracis Gram positive rods One chromosome Genome is 5.5Mb Non-motile, facultative anaerobe Forms spores that can survive drastic changes in temp as well as low nutrient environments and application of chemicals for years Naturally found in soils Mostly obtained by livestock- cattle, goats and sheep http://bacillusanthracis.org/ http://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/Bacillus_Anthracis_NEU2011

Bacillus anthracis Virulence factors encoded on 2 plasmids J. Carnes F2013 Modified by DYH Bacillus anthracis Virulence factors encoded on 2 plasmids pXO1- anthrax toxin 181,677-bp pOX2- capsule genes 94,830-bp If caught early enough, treated successfully with antibiotics 3 major forms of affecting people Ingestion Eating contaminated meat Cutaneous Spores getting into cuts on the skin Inhalation Inhaling spores from the environment http://www.ph.ucla.edu/epi/Bioter/layanthrax_a.html http://biology.clc.uc.edu/fankhauser/Society/Anthrax/eschar_PA162110.JPG