BTEC NCF Dip in Comp - Unit 02 Fundamentals of Computer Systems Lesson 03 – Computer Software Mr C Johnston

End Starter What is computer software? 3 minutes Computer Software definition #1 Computer Software definition #2 End

Learning Outcome Understand the role of the Operating Systems and common examples Know the difference between and features of CLI and GUI operating systems Understand the role of device drivers within a computer system Understand the difference between, purpose and use of application software and utility software Know examples of different operating systems, utility and application software explaining the purpose of each

Software Overview A useful way of looking at the types of software used in a computer is Application Software Utilities and Tools Operating System Device Drivers BIOS Hard ware

Software Categories Software Overview System Software vs Application Software

End Question Write down the role of the following types of software? BIOS Device driver Operating system Application software Utility software 10 minutes End

Device Drivers Hardware Device Drivers In order for the OS to function correctly it must be able to communicate with all hardware devices attached to the computer, A device driver are instructions for the OS on how to communicate with each device, In order for a piece of hardware to work properly its own driver needs installing – it also must be the correct version for the operating system you are running, In windows you control device drivers within device manager – part of the control panel

Operating System Provides two classes of service Provides access to the computer hardware and peripheral devices, Provides an Application Program Interface (API) so application software can be displayed, print, communicate with the world and store data. The operating system includes a number of accessory programs which offer machine and peripheral management, security and file management. The kernel is at the heart of every operating system and is a bridge between applications and the actual data processing done at the hardware level The kernel is responsible for handling interrupts, program execution, modes, memory management, multi- tasking, disk access, file systems, device drivers

Video Operating System Introduction Memory Management Process Management Device Management File Management

Types of OS Different types of OS depending on what we use them for Typical types include real-time, single-user single task single user multi-task multi-user The way we interface with an OS can also be different Command line interface (CLI) Graphical user interface (GUI) There are also different manufactures of operating systems to contend with Write down a definition of each type of OS and what they are used for

CLI Characteristics Text based interface with a command prompt The user types in instructions at the command point using a keyboard The operating system then responds to the commands keyed in When the instruction had been processed doing the command prompt would reappear ready for the next instruction A high level of knowledge is required to remember and construct the commands

GUI Characteristics Graphical based interface made up of WIMPs – Windows, Icons, Menus and Pointers Users enter commands by clicking on an option in a menu, pressing a button or completing boxes on a form, The interface is far more user- friendly and intuitive Touch screen based GUIs with pressure sense are now popular

Common Operating Systems UNIX DOS PC-DOS – IBM, MS-DOS – Microsoft Unix Linux Arch Linux, CentOS, Debian, Fedora, Gentoo Linux, Linux Mint, Mageia, openSUSE and Ubuntu Windows 1, 2, 3, 3.11, 95, NT, 98, ME, 2000, XP, Vista, 7, 8, 8,11, 10 Windows Server NT, 2000, 2003, 2008, 2012, 2016 Novell Netware MAC OS classic version 1984 - 2001 MAC OS X first stable release 2001, current version v10.12 (Sierra)

OS Choice Factors Does the operating system let you customise what you see on the screen and how you interact with the computer? Does it provide support for connectivity of portable media? What provisions are there to ensure tight security of the computer system? What guarantees do you have of stability and reliability? How easy is it to manage the computer system? What utilities are included? How much does it cost? What after sales support is on offer for the user?

Activity Create a communication of your choice which explains BTEC (2010) Book – Unit 02 p14/15 Create a communication of your choice which explains What is an operating system for why needed / what is its purpose The role of the kernel and what they are responsible for What services do operating systems provide things that it allows users to do The differences between a CLI and GUI based interface The advantages and disadvantages of CLI and GUI based interface A list of factors which can be used to compare operating systems Use a selection of different operating systems to carry out a range of different tasks including Finding and launching programs, managing files, accessing resources including the internet, managing the computers hardware, software and security Create notes which compares the features and functions of each operating system used

CLI vs GUI CLI vs GUI GUI Overview

Comparative Operating System Features General features Random screen shots First released Current version Cost / Availability Architectures supported Minimal hardware requirements GUI / Command line Customisable GUI Target system type File systems supported Installation overview International support User friendly for lay users Security features provided Integrated firewall Encrypted file systems Security threats Stability and reliability Kernel type Connectivity of portable media How easy is it to manage the computer system? Included utilities / apps What after sales support is on offer for the user?

Utility Software Utilities are useful pieces of software which keep our computers running smoothly, Examples of utilities include: Security software, Anti-Virus / Firewall Software to check and maintain our hard disks – cleanup software, Removal of cookies, removal of temporary files, defragmentation, disk formatting, data recovery software, Software which performs repeating tasks easily, Programs that give us information about files and computer status

Application Software Software used for a specific purpose Types include Accounts and Finance Communications Database DTP Graphics (vector) / Graphics (bitmap) Media authoring Presentation Sound editing Spreadsheet Video editing Web Authoring Web Browsing Word processing

Open Source Software OpenSource.com Open source software is software whose source code is open for anybody to inspect and modify It tends to be distributed freely although this is not always the case The principals of open source software include Open exchange Participation Rapid prototyping Meritocracy Community Produce a leaflet which defines open source software and explains the principals of open source software. Include advantages and disadvantages to end users of using open source software.

Activity BTEC (2010) Book – Unit 02 p15/16 Populate the following table different types of utility. For each type of utility explain what it is for, benefits it offers and examples Populate the following table different types of software application. For each type of application explain what it is for and find examples Utility Type Purpose Benefits Examples Antivirus Protects computers and data from harm by detecting and removing / quarantine Protection from viruses AVG AVAST NORTON Application Type Purpose Examples Web Authoring Software Used for the creation of websites Dreamweaver