p53 function and regulation in normal cells and cancer cells

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Mitosis & Cancer: When Making New Cells Goes Terribly Wrong!
Advertisements

Cancer—Principles and overview By Robert A. Weinberg
Alterations in the Cell Cycle and Gene Mutations that Cause Cancer
Tumor Markers Epidemiology 243: Molecular Epidemiology.
What is Cancer? How it occurs and cell cycle regulation.
Tumor genetics Minna Thullberg
+ How is the cell cycle regulated? Sections 8.8 and 8.9.
1. Cancer and the cell cycle
Which of the following functions are accomplished by cell division? a) growth, communication, and development b) growth, repair, and reproduction c) development,
Cancer Uncontrolled cell growth. Cellular differentiation is the process by which a less specialized cell becomes a more specialized cell type. Occurs.
Topic 2: Regulating the cell cycle Unit 5. 2 G1 checkpoint: if conditions are not appropriate (missing essential nutrients, not enough space, etc), the.
Cancer &Oncogenes. Objectives Define the terms oncogene, proto-oncogenes and growth factors giving examples. Describe the mechanisms of activations of.
The Cell Cycle Gone Awry Cancer and Mitosis. Mutagens give rise to cancer cells. There are a wide variety of mutagens which cause changes to our DNA:
Cancer and the Cell Cycle. Outline of the lecture n What is cancer? n Review of the cell cycle and regulation of cell growth n Which types of genes when.
Section 10.3 (Pg ): Regulating the Cell Cycle
Genetics of Cancer Genetic Mutations that Lead to Uncontrolled Cell Growth.
Chapter 12: The Cell Cycle
Chapter Eukaryotic Genomes
In the early 1970s, a variety of experiments led to the hypothesis that the cell cycle is driven by specific signaling molecules present in the cytoplasm.
Cancer Accelerated Biology. Learning Objectives The different methods of diagnosing cancer. The difference between a malignant tumor and a benign tumor.
Genetics of Cancer Genetic Mutations that Lead to Uncontrolled Cell Growth.
Part II.
10.3 Regulating the Cell Cycle
Cell Biology Lec.5 Dr:Buthaina Al-Sabawi Date: Cell Biology Lec.5 Dr:Buthaina Al-Sabawi Date: The Cell Cycle The cell cycle, is the.
Types of Genes Associated with Cancer
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Lecture by Edward J. Zalisko PowerPoint Lectures for Campbell Biology: Concepts & Connections, Seventh Edition Reece, Taylor,
Cancer. Cancer is a disease of the cell cycle Caused by one or more of the following: Increase in growth signals Loss of inhibitory signals In addition,
Regulation of the Cell Cycle The cell cycle can be regulated at any of the phases, but typically, variability in the length of the cell cycle is based.
The Cell Cycle & Cancer What went wrong?!? What is Cancer? Cancer is essentially a failure of cell division control or unrestrained, uncontrolled cell.
The Problem of Cancer. What are cancer cells ? Cancerous growth involves unrestrained proliferation (malignancy) and spread (metastasis). Caused by: mutations.
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu CANCER how does it happen?
Cell Growth & Division Control of Cell Cycle | Disruptions to Cell Cycle.
THE GENETIC BASIS OF CANCER
Cell Cycle Regulation.
REGULATION OF GENE EXPRESSION
GENETIC BASIS OF CANCER
Gene Expression.
The Genetic Basis of Cancer
Uncontrolled cell growth and survival
✔ ✔ ✔ CHECKPOINTS: STOP OR GO? MITOSIS & Cytokinesis
CANCER.
Regulation of Cell Division
The Cell Cycle and Cancer
Regulation of the Cell Cycle & Cancer
Alterations in the Cell Cycle and Gene Mutations that Cause Cancer
Concept 18.5: Cancer results from genetic changes that affect cell cycle control The gene regulation systems that go wrong during cancer are the very same.
Genetics of Cancer.
Chapter 12: The Cell Cycle
The Cell Cycle and Understanding Cancer
BIOLOGY 12 Cancer.
Regulation of Gene Expression
Chapter 12: The Cell Cycle
Why Do Cells Divide? Reproduction Growth Replacement of Tissues Repair.
Chapter 12: The Cell Cycle
Mutations. Mutations Let’s quickly review from last class… Two major types of mutations: gene mutations and chromosomal mutations One we’re focusing.
Notes: Regulating the Cell Cycle
10.3 Regulating the Cell Cycle
Transcription Initiation:
Transcription Initiation:
Environmental Carcinogenesis
Why Do Cells Divide? Reproduction Growth Replacement of Tissues Repair.
10.3 Regulating the Cell Cycle
Cell Cycle Regulation Chapter 9 Section 3.
AP Biology The Cell Cycle.
Regulation of the Cell Cycle
Members: Zenab, Venus, Irla AP Bio, Pd. 7&8
Why Do Cells Divide? Reproduction Growth Replacement of Tissues Repair.
Chapter 12: The Cell Cycle
Chapter 12: The Cell Cycle
Presentation transcript:

p53 function and regulation in normal cells and cancer cells 생명시스템학과 종양학 실험실 강 소 미

Index Normal cells vs Cancer cells Tumor suppressor genes p53 p53 in normal cells p53 in cancer cells Summary

Difference between normal cells and cancer cells

Uncontrolled cell division

Normal cell Malignant cell Abnormal shape and size Increased mitotic activity

Normal cell Cancer cell Small, uniformly shaped nuclei Relatively large cytoplasmic volume Conformity in cell size and shape Cells arranged into discrete tissues May possess differentiated cell structures Normal presentation of cell surface markers Lower levels of dividing cells Cell tissues clearly demarcated Large, variable shaped nuclei Relatively small cytoplasmic volume Variation in cell size and shape Disorganized arrangement of cells Loss of normal specialized features Elevated expression of certain cell markers Large number of dividing cells Poorly defined tumor boundaries

About tumor suppressor genes..

Tumor suppressor genes Anti-oncogenes Genes that protect cells from one step on the path to cancer Normally act to inhibit cell proliferation and tumor development

Common human tumor suppressor genes

Mechanisms of tumor suppressor genes inactivation Deletion Point mutation Mutation followed by duplication Loss of heterozygosity DNA methylation Post-translational mechanism-binding to DNA viral onco-proteins

About p53, one of major tumor suppressor genes..

p53 Tumor suppressor genes

Major function of p53

p53 function and regulation in normal cells..

p53, the cellular gate keeper for growth and division

p53 regulates cellular redox homeostasis

p53 as an integrator of cellular stress

In normal cells, the p53 product acts at the G1→S checkpoint preventing entry into S phase if DNA is damaged

In normal cells, the p53 product stimulates Apoptosis if DNA damage cannot be repaired p53 gives an internal signal for apoptosis

Regulation of p53 in normal cells In normal cells, there are low levels of p53 because p53 is targeted for proteasomal degradation P53 is activated in response to cellular stress, such as biochemical signal, UV radiation, X-rays and toxin

Regulation of p53 in normal cells

Loss of p53 function and regulation in cancer cells..

In cancer cells, mutation occurred in p53 Mutant p53 oncogenic gain of function

Regulation of wild and mutant p53 stability in response to stress

Mutant p53 signaling in cancer cells

In cancer cells, mutant p53 cannot arrest the cell cycle

Mutant p53 cannot inhibit abnormal cell division

Summary

Thank you for listening..