The Scientific Revolution https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zHUWP9zu4W8

Old Ideas Prior to the 1600s, what institution controlled what most people believed about their world?? THE CATHOLIC CHURCH They said: 1. Earth is the center of universe - geocentric model 2. The Earth is flat

The Protestant Reformation Started by Martin Luther, who questioned church policy in his document the 95 Thesis Major cause of the Scientific Revolution Church had lost its absolute hold over the minds of European people

Copernicus Polish astronomer Major force behind Scientific Revolution The earth revolves around sun Polish astronomer Major force behind Scientific Revolution Said earth revolved around sun Heliocentric model rather than old Geocentric Very controversial Couldn’t prove it, “just knew”

Galileo was pardoned by Pope John Paul II in 1992 Galileo Galilei Proved ideas of Copernicus Heliocentric model Italian mathematician Built telescope Catholic Church banned writings of Galileo, threatening torture and death Accused of heresy Forced to recant Placed on house arrest until his death Continued his work in private Legend says Galileo uttered “And yet it moves!” at the end of his trial Albert Einstein called Galileo the “father of science” E pur si muove! Galileo was pardoned by Pope John Paul II in 1992 http://www.history.com/topics/galileo-galilei

Johannes Kepler German astronomer Proved that planets orbit sun in oval paths called ellipses

The Scientific Method Francis Bacon- search for truth Developed scientific method Step-by-step method for testing hypotheses; arguing that truth required evidence from the real world.

Renee Descartes- “I think, therefore I am.” Doubted everything except his own existence, encouraged a constant search for truth

Sir Isaac Newton Used scientific method to study math and physics OUCH! Sir Isaac Newton Used scientific method to study math and physics Developed theory of gravity Developed calculus, to prove this theory Experiments in optics proved that white light was actually a combination of all the colors or ROY G BIV

ROYGBIV Reflection Refraction Color spectrum What does he give us? White- a combination of the colors of the rainbow Reflection Refraction The reflecting telescope invented by Sir Isaac Newton in 1671. By using a curved mirror to reflect and focus the light, the length of the telescope was dramatically reduced.

4 Laws 1. An object in motion tends to stay in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. 2. For every action there is an opposite equal reaction 3. F=MA (Force equals Mass (x) Acceleration) 4. Law of Gravity Developed calculus, to prove his theory on gravity http://www.history.com/topics/galileo-galilei

Other Discoveries Andreas Vesalius- accurate human anatomy William Harvey- circulation of blood through the body Robert Hooke- the cell Robert Boyle- chemistry Joseph Priestly- existence of oxygen Antoine and Marie Lavoisier- properties of air and role of oxygen

Effects of the Scientific Revolution Decline in Political Power of Roman Catholic Church Many new discoveries & fields of science formed Individuals began to question authority

The Scientific Revolution Reform in science The Enlightenment Reform in government Question the best form of govt. Questioned Absolutism