TRADITIONAL SYSTEMS OF MEDICINE IN BANGLADESH BY JASIM UDDIN CHOWDHURY BANGLADESH COUNCIL OF SCIENTIFIC AND INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH (BCSIR) LABORATORIES, CHITTAGONG-4220, BANGLADESH

Area-147570 Sq.Km. Population- 140 m Tribals- 27 CHT- 13 Chakma, Marma Area-1.32 m hect. Peoples- 12 m Northern Dist - 7 Santal

TRADITIONAL PRACTIONERS Ayurvedic & Unani : Recognized- 6000 Institutionally Trained 1000 Unregistered 10000 Homeopathic : Registered 25000 Unregistered 20000 Modern practitioners (Prescribe TM) 500 Traditional/Folk remedies

Traditional Drug Producers Ayurvedic 161 Unani 261 Homeopathic 76 Others (Street vendors) 100

Institutes of Traditional Medicine Homeopathic Medical Colleges 32 1000 Unani Medical Colleges 10 60 Ayurvedic Medical Colleges 6 30 Govt. Unani & Ayurvedic Degree College 1 100 Govt. Tibbia College 1 25

Major Producers Hamdard Laboratories 133 Sadhana Ousadhaloy 150 Shakti Ousadhaloy 138 Ayurvedic Pharma Ltd. 135 Human Drugs Ltd 28 National Pharma 16 Kundeswari 48 Mujaher 39

Major Medicinal Plants Adhatoda vasica Holarrhena antidysenterica Aegle marmelos Mentha spicata Aloe indica Nigella sativa Azadirachta indica Paederia foetida Cassia senna Saraca indica Cinnamomum verum Tamarindus indica Curcuma longa Terminalia arjuna Gmelina arborea T. belerica Hemidesmus indicus T. chebula

Selected Plants for some diseases Constipation Indigestion Aegle marmelos Carica papaya Plantago ovata Paederia foetida Cassia senna Zingiber officinale Carica papaya Centella asiatica Terminalia chebula

Contd... Parasitic infections Ananas sativus Azadirachta indica Curcuma longa Embelia ribes Glycosmis arborea Terminalia chebula Piles Terminalia chebula Aloe indica Cassia fistula Carica papaya

Contd... Scabies Azadirachta indica Lawsonia inermis Cassia alata Curcuma longa Mesua ferrea Polygonum hydropiper Diabetes Cephalandra indica Momordica charantia Scoparia dulcis Allium sativum Catharenthus roseus Lagerstroemia speciosa

Contd... Teeth & Gum Diseases Azadirachta indica Murraya koenigii Psidium guajava Syzigium aromaticum Urinary problems Aloe indica Kalanchoe pinnata Tinospora cordifolia Tribulus terrestris

Contd... Dysentery/Diarrhoea Aegle marmelos Centella asiatica Euphorbia hirta Holarrhena antidysenterica Punuca granatum Kalanchoe pinnata Cough/Cold/Bronchitis Adhatoda vasica Ocimum sanctum Citruses Acorus calamus Zingiber officinale Tylophora indica Euphorbia hirta

Contd... Cardiac problems Allium sativum Terminalia arjuna Nerium indicum Thevetia neriifolia Urginea indica Hair tonics Wedelia chinensis Foeniculum vulgare Lawsonia inermis Emblica officinalis Vitex negundo Allium cepa

Major Animals used Ill Fishes Arthritis/Rheumatism Jackels meat ,, ,, Cockroach Asthma Pigeon Tonic Fish/Chicken Vitality Lizard oil Rheumatism Animal skin Epilepsy

Major Animals used Sheep's milk Tonic Pure Ghee Carbuncles/boils Honey Preventive/Cough,cold Sparrow Aphrodisiac

Major minerals/metals used Rock salt as ingredient/digestive Lime stone Scorpion sting Copper sulphate Antifungal Common salt ORS Potassium nitrite as Ingredient Laundry soap Gastric pain Sulphur Skin diseases

Traditional Medicine Resource Crude Drug market Wild habitat --Forest floor --Homestead & Fellow land Cultivation Import

Abundantly available Plants Acalypha indica Achyranthes aspera Adhatoda vasica Aegle marmelos Allium sativum Alstonia scholaris Ananas sativus Azadirachta indica Calotropis gigantea Carica papaya Cassia alata Cassia fistula Centella asiatica Cephalandra indica Coriandrum sativum Curcuma longa Cyperus rotundus Eclipta alba Emblica officinalis Euphorbia hirta

Contd. Mentha spicata Psidium guajava Mikania cordata Scoparia dulcis Mimosa pudica Momordica charantia Moringa oleifera Ocimum sanctum Paederia foetida Phyllanthus niruri Piper betel Psidium guajava Scoparia dulcis Solanum xanthocarpum Terminalia arjuna T. chebula Vitex negundo Zingiber officinale

Rare & Threatened Medicinal Plants Abroma augusta Abrus precatorius Acorus calamus Andrographis paniculata Boerhavia diffusa Dioscorea prazeri Gloriosa superba Hemidesmus indicus Hydnocarpus kurzii Kaempferia galanga Kaempferia rotunda Ocimum gratisimum O. basilicum Plumbago indica P. zeylanica Rawolfia serpentina Tinospora cordifolia Zingiber purpureum

Medicinal Plants Exported Abroma augusta Adhatoda vasica Andrographis paniculata Cyperus rotundus Emblica officinalis Mimosa pudica Saraca indica Taractogenous kurzii Terminalia arjuna T. belerica T. chebula Zingiber officinale

Medicinal Plants Imported Acacia arabica Acorus calamus Aloe vera Anethum graveolens Asparagus racemosuss Atropa belladona Berberis vulgaris Cassia senna Cinnamomum verum C. tamala Cuminum cyminum Elettaria cardamomum Ferula asafoetida Glycerrhiza glabra Hydnocarpus kurzii Juglans regia Mesua ferrea Myrstica fragrans

Imported Plants Ocimum basilicum Pimpinella anisum Piper nigrum P. longim Pluntago ovata Rawolfia serpentina Rosa damascena Santalum album Solanum nigrum Strychnos nux-vomica Swertia chirata Syzigium aromaticum Tribulus terrestris Withania somnifera

R & D Institutes

Contd.

Contd.

Major Achievements Amlaki syrup from Emblica officinalis Tea-cola from tea wastes Bel ORS from green Aegle marmelos Scopolamine hydrochloride from Datura fastusa Diosgenin from Costus speciosus Oil from Mentha arvensis

Contd. Menthol crystal from M. arvensis oil Neem tooth powder, paste, soap from Azadirachta indica Hair tonic from indigenous plants Basak Tea from Adhatoda vasica Antifungal fraction from plant Selection of active Antidiabetic plant

POLICIES AND MEASURES BY DIRECTORATE OF DRUG ADMINISTRATION, HEALTH MINISTRY Drug Evaluation Adverse reactions Supply management Quality assurance Packing & labeling Control of advertisement Penalty for manufacturing & sale of substandard drugs Penalty for unauthorized import Penalty for unperomited production.

NODAL AGENCY

FUNCTIONS OF NODAL AGENCY Establishment of Website Collection of Traditional information's Market survey of Traditional Medicines Documentation of Traditional knowledge Budget preparation & creation of budget provision Formation of an Expert committee Arrangement of seminars and workshops

Requirements of Technologies Establishment of Hospitals with the Institutes dealt with traditional medicine Documentation of traditional knowledge Improvement & standardization of traditional products Training of traditional practitioners Establishment of clinical trial system

Requirements of Technologies Checking of abuse/misuse of traditional medicines caused by street vendors Information & communication technology International cooperation Formulation technology Analytical facilities etc.

BCSIR LABORATORIES, CHITTAGONG THANKS