Svein Brodtkorb NAD/Atlas Alliance CBR: Reaching the most vulnerable - Disability in Conflicts & Emergencies Oslo 1st June 2011 Svein Brodtkorb NAD/Atlas Alliance

CBR & Conflict and Emergency Brief introduction to CBR Disability in conflict and emergency -challenges The role of CBR in conflict and emergency situations

CBR Emerged early eighties as a response to challenges with the classic institutional rehabilitation approaches(isolation, alienation, high costs on low capacity/limited number of beneficiaries )…..

World Health Organization Development of CBR 6 September 2018 Medical Social Human Rights 1970´s - 1980´s 1990´s 2000 - Problem focus on the individual Focus both on the individual and the society/environmental barriers About inclusion in mainstream services

Community Based Rehabilitation WHO defines CBR as follows: CBR is a strategy within general community development for rehabilitation, equalisation of opportunities and social inclusion of all children and adults with disabilities.   CBR is implemented through the combined efforts of people with disabilities themselves, their families and communities, and the appropriate health, education, vocational and social services.

World Health Organization 6 September 2018 CBR focuses on: Poverty reduction Empower to affirm human rights In a holistic way to promote quality of life and well-being of people with disabilities and their families

CBR and mainstreaming CBR is about rights based mainstreaming, and not about specialized service delivery alone. CBR is above all an approach for resource mobilization within civil as well as within all public sectors at all levels in the society. Mainstreaming is a main strategy for inclusion where the governments and the DPOs are the key players.

Community Based Rehabilitation Social Inclusion Health Education and training Handler om å gi tilgang til Skole: Helse: Arbeid: Sosiale aktiviteter: Økonomi/Lån: Employment Loans etc

A typical CBR- structure Rehabilitation officer Social workers Handler om en struktur, som sikrer at det er noen som tar ansvar. NB! Nothing about us without us, sier de i Afrika. Volunteers

Disability in Conflict & Emergencies

Disability in Conflict & Emergencies Common problems: Many die or become more impaired The collapse of traditional structures Emergence of a new generation of people with disabilities Loss of the little they have which may be their only assets, family displacement and loss of personal care givers, service providers and even assistive devices. Evidence shows that disabled people are the most affected group and emergency responses are inadequate to reach out to disabled people

Disability in Conflict & Emergencies Common problems cont.. The collapse of basic infrastructures or support mechanism makes the situation more difficult Mental health - one of the most neglected and invisible issues in conflict and emergency. Sudden influx of foreigners with their own recipes and solutions Short term goal with little respect to local culture/community – often tendency to treat people as passive victims. Poor has no voice and little choice.

Disability in Conflicts & Emergencies Survival of the fittest Persons with disabilities are the most vulnerable group in such situation with a decreased ability to meet basic needs such as food, water, shelter and sanitation. Vertical programmes with little coordination among the stakeholders worsens the situation

CBR in Conflicts & Emergencies Who comes first? Community Who remains till the end? Who can support long-term sustainability? Who can include and ensure equity? Disability is a long-term issue which needs long-term solution

CBR in Conflict and Emergency Role of CBR: Ensures that people with disabilities and their family members are involved and included in humanitarian action including preparedness, emergency response and recovery activities. Links people with disabilities and their family members to services and assistance provided through humanitarian channels. Makes the service provision and facilities disability friendly – programmes are inclusive of people with disabilities Has particular focus on children, older disabled population and people with multiple or severe impairments Makes use of the resources available within the community and is part of the community

CBR in Conflict and Emergency Participation – not simply passive receiver: Participation of the affected population is an important aspect in any development initiatives, also during conflicts & emergencies . It is critical that people with disabilities and their representative organizations are not just included as beneficiaries, but are also included as partners in conflicts and emergency response. Involving people with disabilities or their family members in the assessment, design, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of all assistance programmes.

CBR: Some Key activities Prepare people with disabilities for potential conflicts and emergencies Find out about the current situation in the community and lives of people with disabilities in particular Establish partnerships with humanitarian stakeholders Ensure people with disabilities and their families are well informed Suggested activities relevant to specific clusters/sectors pops up during or post conflicts and emergencies

CBR: Some Key activities Assist people with disabilities to restore and/or enhance their quality of life during the recovery phase * Make sure the new infrastructure and programmes are disabled friendly Organize disabled people and assist them to form their groups and appoint spokesmen. Ensure disabled people and their family members are integral part of the community and enjoys the same rights and opportunities as others. CBR is a long-term multi-sectoral comprehensive solution for a long-term development and humanitarian issue –

Thank you Visualisation of the broad based and multisector features of CBR

CBR guidelines – Table of content World Health Organization CBR guidelines – Table of content 6 September 2018 INTRODUCTION Background and Purpose Evolution of the Disability Concept Evolution of CBR HEALTH COMPONENT Promotion Prevention Medical Care Rehabilitation Assistive Devices EDUCATION COMPONENT Early Childhood Development Primary Education Secondary and Higher Education Non-formal Education Life-Long Learning LIVELIHOOD COMPONENT Skills development Self-employment Waged employment Financial services Social Protection

CBR guidelines – Table of content World Health Organization 6 September 2018 CBR guidelines – Table of content SOCIAL COMPONENT Relationships, Marriage and Family Personal Assistance Culture, Religion & Arts Leisure, Recreation & Sports Access to Justice EMPOWERMENT COMPONENT Social Mobilization Political Participation Communication Self-help Groups Disabled People’s Organizations MANAGEMENT OF CBR Planning CBR Organizing and Developing Resources Leading and Implementing Operations Monitoring and Evaluation Training of CBR Personnel Starting a CBR Programme SUPPLEMENT CHAPTERS CBR and Crisis Situations CBR and HIV/AIDS CBR and Mental Health CBR and Leprosy